FINGERPRINTS of CHLORINATED, BROMINATED AND strongMIXEDstrong HALOGENATED.pdfVIP

FINGERPRINTS of CHLORINATED, BROMINATED AND MIXED HALOGENATED DIOXINS AT TWO E-WASTE RECYCLING SITES IN GUIYU/CHINA Zennegg Markus1), Yu Xiezhi2,5), Wong Ming Hung2), Weber Roland3,4) 1) Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Testing and Research (Empa), Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Überlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland 2) Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences, and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, PR China 3) Man-Technology-Environment Research Centre (MTM), University of Örebro,, 70182 Örebro, Sweden; 4) POPs Environmental Consulting, Ulmenstrasse 3, 73035 Göppingen, Germany 5) School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China Abstract This study describes the fingerprints of chlorinated, brominated and brominated-chlorinated dibenzofurans and dibenzodioxins at two e-waste open burning/smouldering sites in Guiyu, China. The total concentrations of PXDD/PXDF in the soils were in ppm range. The total furan (PXDF) to dioxin (PXDD) ratios were around 100 revealing that PBDEsA as direct furan precursors were responsible for the formation of most of the dioxin-like compounds at the sites. The high levels of mixed chlorinated-brominated dibenzofurans and dibenzodioxins present as main contaminants at the open burning site reveal a significant bromine-chlorine exchange in A PBDE /PBDF most probably from PVC and chlorine containing additives (e-g. chlorinated paraffins, tetrachlorobisphenol A, etc.). The comparable concentrations of halogenated PXDF and precursor PBDEs at both sites indicate that a significant share of PBDEs was converted into PBDF/PXDF. When considering that A several thousand tons of PBDE are present i