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2007-01-3994
Fuel Economy and Emissions of the Ethanol-
Optimized Saab 9-5 Biopower
Brian H. West, Alberto J. López, Timothy J. Theiss,
Ronald L. Graves, John M. Storey and Samuel A. Lewis
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
ABSTRACT majority of these offerings are “ethanol tolerant” gasoline
vehicles, as E85 availability is still quite limited in the
Saab Automobile recently released the BioPower U.S., so there is little impetus for the manufacturers to
engines, advertised to use increased turbocharger boost optimize the vehicles for ethanol use. Due to the lower
and spark advance on ethanol fuel to enhance energy density of E85, these FFVs typically suffer a
performance. Specifications for the 2.0 liter considerable loss in apparent fuel economy or “tank
turbocharged engine in the Saab 9-5 Biopower 2.0t mileage” (miles per gallon of fuel, mpg) when running on
report 150 hp (112 kW) on gasoline and a 20% increase E85, which results in a loss of vehicle range. Despite
to 180 hp (134 kW) on E85 (nominally 85% ethanol, equivalent or slightly
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