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A R T I C L E S
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c Immune cells contribute to the maintenance of
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s neurogenesis and spatial learning abilities in adulthood
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e 1,4 1,4 1 1 1 1 2
r Yaniv Ziv , Noga Ron , Oleg Butovsky , Gennady Landa , Einav Sudai , Nadav Greenberg , Hagit Cohen ,
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t 1,3 1
a Jonathan Kipnis Michal Schwartz
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m
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c
.
e Neurogenesis is known to take place in the adult brain. This work identifies T lymphocytes and microglia as being important to the
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t maintenance of hippocampal neurogenesis and spatial learning abilities in adulthood. Hippocampal neurogenesis induced by an
a
n. enriched environment was associated with the recruitment of T cells and the activation of microglia. In immune-deficient mice,
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w hippocampal neurogenesis was markedly impaired and could not be enhanced by environmental enrichment, but was restored and
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/ boosted by T cells recognizing a specific CNS antigen. CNS-specific T cells were also found to be required for spatial learning and
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p memory and for the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the dentate gyrus, implying that a common immune-
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associated mechanism underlies different aspects of hippocampal plasticity and cell renewal in the adult brain.
p
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G 1
g Neurogenesis in the hippocampus continues throughout adult life RESULTS
n and is a prerequisite for certain aspects of brain cognitive activity2,3. Immune cell recruitment in environmentally enriched rats
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h
s The controlled activity of T cells directed to autoantigens in the Our working hypothesis was that both CNS resident and s
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