微机原理课设讲解.doc

目 录 摘要··························································I Abstrack·····················································Ⅱ 一、开题报告················································1 （一）、微型计算机在国内外的发展现状····························1 （二）、微型计算机市场产品的情况································1 （三）、未来微型计算机的发展前景和发展方案······················2 二、设计认识················································4 （一）、本次课程设计的目的······································4 （二）、设计原理················································3 （三）、设计的意义··············································6 三、系统设计················································7 （一）、硬件设计················································7 1、芯片的相关介绍······································7 2、硬件电路原理图······································12 （二）、软件设计················································13 1、实现操作的程序流程图································13 2、相关操作的对应程序编程······························14 四、设计认证················································15 1、设定具体操作数值进行验证····························15 2、验证结果············································18 五、课程设计总结···········································19 本次设计的操作总结和体会································16 六、附录·····················································20  摘 要 微型计算机诞生于20世纪70年代，由于体积小，价格低，尤其是日益提高的性价比，使其迅速在各个行业乃至家庭中得到了广泛的应用。 微处理器是微型计算机的核心芯片，其主要由运算器，控制器和寄存器组三部分组成。本次课程设计，我们主要的研究对象为运算器内部的算术逻辑单元ALU和通用寄存器组。 ALU的内部包括负责加、减、乘、除预算的加法器，以及实现与、或、非、异或等逻辑运算的逻辑运算功能部件。 本次课程设计，通过对计算机组成原理实验箱的具体实践操作，进一步理解和熟悉微型计算机的基础部分，为将来的学习和工作奠定扎实的基础。 关键字： ALU单元、逻辑运算、算数运算 Abstrack Microcomputer was born in the 1970s, due to small size, low price, especially the increasing cost, it quickly in various industries as well as the family has been widely used.  Microprocessors are the core of the chip micro-computer, the main by the computing device, controller and the registers of three parts. The course design, our main object of study for the operation of the internal arithmetic log