Lecture 6 Blending.ppt

Lecture 5 Word Formation I Word Formation Affixation Compounding Conversion Shortening (缩略) Blending (拼缀法） Clipping （截短法） Back-formation （逆生法） Acronymy （首字母拼音法） Sound Reduplication What we are going to talk about today Blending 拼缀法 Backformation 逆序 Shortening 缩略 Blending 拼缀法 Blending is a process of word formation by which a word is created by combining parts of other words. Words formed in this way are called blends. Four Types of Blending From morphological 形态学 viewpoints, there are four types of blending. 1. The first part of the first word + the last part of the second word Example botel: boat + hotel 汽艇游客旅馆 smaze: smoke + haze 烟霾 advertistics: advertising + statistics 广告统计学 Example autocide: automobile + suicide 撞车自杀 altiport: altitude + airport 高山短距起落机场 ballute: balloon + parachute 减速汽球 chunnel: channel + tunnel 海峡隧道 lunacast: lunar + telecast 登月电视广播 2. the whole part of the first word + last part of the second word Example Carbecue: car + barbecue 一种用火烤法处理废弃车辆的熔车装置 Jazzotheque: jazz + discotheque 爵士音乐夜总会 Lunarnaut: lunar + astronaut 登月宇宙航行员 Example Nixonomics: Nixon + economics 尼克松的经济政策 workfare : work + welfare 工作福利 3. The whole form of the second word + the first part of the first word Example helipad: helicopter + pad 直升飞机升降场 medicaid: medical + aid 美国的医疗补助方案 medicare: medical + care 医疗照顾方案 4. The first part of the first word + the first part of the second word Example psywar: psychological + warfare 心里战 Amerind: American + Indian 美洲印第安人 memcon: memorandum + conversation 谈话记录 Example sitcom: situation + comedy 情景喜剧 comint: communications + intelligence 通讯情报 humint: human + intelligence 间谍情报 comsat: communications + satellite 通讯卫星 Sum Up The words formed in this way are often regarded as nonce words. (为特定需要而临时造的词) However , some words have been accepted into standard English such as brunch, smog, motel. In Scientific Fields This process of word formation is especially useful in lexicalizing编入词汇a scientific concept: E.g. te