lecture4 public goods.ppt

Suppose that in response to government giving grants to local medical research projects, you reduce your annual gift. ??This is an example of which of the following problems with the public provision of a public good? a. ?measuring preferences for the public goodb. ?crowding-out of private provisionc. ?measuring the costs and benefits of public goodsd. ?all of the abovee. ??both a and c * * Which of the following MUST be true? a. ?Government provision of a public good will perfectly crowd-out private contributions.b. ?The private market will overcome the free rider problem.c. ?Government provision of a public good will at least partially crowd out private contributions. d. ?Both b and c are correct.e. ?None of the above is correct. * * Which of the following refers to the idea that even if individuals are willing to tell government how much theyre willing to pay for a public good, they may not have an idea of what that is? a. ?preference revelationb. ?preference aggregationc. ?preference knowledged. ?warm-glow effecte. ?altruism * * Suppose that the city manager says that everyone lied about how much he or she would value a proposed city project. ?This is an example of which of the following? a. ?preference revelationb. ?altruismc. ?preference knowledged. ?warm-glow effecte. ?preference aggregation * * Taxing noncontributors to finance the provision of a public good will lead to which of the following? a. ?more accurate preference revelationb. ?altruismc. ?increased crowding-out of private provisiond. ?decreased crowding-out of private provisione. ?easier preference aggregation * * 必读教材 李齐云总编《财政学》，高教出版社 参考资料 Jonathan Gruber，Public Finance and Public Policy，MIT，２００７． Ｈａｒｖｅｙ　Ｒｏｓｅｎ，　Ｐｕｂｌｉｃ　Ｆｉｎａｎｃｅ（中译本） * * * * * 1st click - “Private goods” 2nd click - “Public goods” 3rd click - “Common resources” 4th click - “Natural monopoly” 私人部门的供给不足 由于假定两个人偏好相同: 回忆：边际效用递减 在这个例子中，社会最优供给要求烟花消费的边际效用等于冰激凌消费边际效用的一半。 那么，分散的个体理性导致每个人消费过多的冰激凌（私人品），过少的