汉译英--文体有“四季”之别.pptVIP

第五节 文体有“四季”之别（Ⅱ） 307 流程 1.文体的标志 2.学习文体的目的 3.如何把握文体（五个例句分析） 4.小结 措辞 文体的最显著的标志是措辞，措辞的文雅粗俗，能够最直接最触目地让读者感受到文体的档次和归属。 试比较： Expectoration is forbidden! Please don’t spit! 句型 文体的另一个重要的标志是句型。在英语学习中，我们往往更多地从措辞去判断行文的文体，而不善于从句型去品味文体的色彩，藻丽与平实、繁丰与简洁、庄重与通俗，等等。 例句1（page303） This anyone can see who has studied English for more than five years. So long as one has studied English for more than five years, he can see this. Exercise1(A) 门一开，呼地一声跑进来一群穿着各式各样化装衣服的孩子。 译文A. The door opened and in came a troop of children in all sorts of fancy dresses. 译文B. The door opened and a troop of children in all sorts of fancy dresses came in. Exercise1(B) 我没有金和银。 译文 A Silver and gold have I none. 译文 B I have neither silver nor gold. 例句2 Give him an inch and he’ll take a yard. (Literary) If you give him an inch, he’ll take a yard. (Colloquial) 祈使句代替条件状语从句 Exercise2(A) 如果下雨，我们怎么办？ 译文A. Suppose it rains, what shall we do? (literary) 译文B. If we suppose it rains, what shall we do? Exercise2(B) 放任傻瓜，等于害他。 译文Ａ Give a fool rope enough and he will hang himself. 译文B If you give a fool rope enough and he will hang himself.　 例句3 I have a daughter. She is a teacher. (Colloquial) I have a daughter, who is a teacher. (Literary) 非限制性定语从句的使用 Exercise3(A) 她准备到青岛去过暑假，那里有她一些亲戚。 译文A. She is going to spend the summer holidays in Qingdao, where she has some relatives. 译文B. She is going to spend the summer holidays in Qingdao; she has some relatives there. Exercise3(B) 他常常聚精会神地做工作，这时，他会废寝忘食。 译文A When deeply absorbed in work, which he often was, he would forget all about eating and sleeping. 译文ＢWhen deeply absorbed in work, he would often forget all about eating and sleeping. 注意： 1. 当限制性的定语从句置于句中时，其书卷气则陡增。（书本Page305） 2.有as引导的定语从句也往往显得比较正式，特别是当as表示“这一事实，那一情况”时。（书本Page305) 例句4 It’s hoped that you will have a chance to visit Shanghai again. (Formal) I hope you’ll visit Shanghai again. (Informal) 英语被动语态的重要表意功能之一是礼貌和圆通。“礼多”就显得正式。 Exercise4(A) 不找向导到那里去是不明智的。 译文A. It would be considered unwise your going there without a