中国饮食文化词汇详解.doc

ⅠIntroduction 简介 The masses regard food as their heaven 民以食为天 Chinese philosopher Confucius 中国先贤孔子 diet and love-making, all primal needs of every human being 饮食男女，人之大欲之所存焉。 epicurean lifestyle 享乐主义生活方式 culinary techniques 厨艺 cookbook 食谱 Chinese cuisines 中国美食 pasta 面团 pastry 糕点 Beijing’s lamb hotpot (fondue) and roast duck 北京涮羊肉火锅和北京烤鸭 principal foods 主食 dietary fibers 膳食纤维 the hot and heavily spiced Sichuan food 辛辣的四川食物 sweet and delicate Huaiyang food 甜而精致的淮扬菜 color (aesthetic beauty), aroma, and taste 色香味 aestheticism 唯美主义 scallion 葱 ginger 姜 garlic 蒜 cooking wine 料酒；米酒 aniseed 八角 cassia bark 桂皮 black pepper 黑胡椒 sesame oil 芝麻香油 shiitake mushrooms 香菇 fry, stir-fry, roast 炸，炒和烤 steam, deep-fry, quick-fry, simmer 蒸，深炸，快炒，煨 soy sauce 酱油 vinegar 醋 spices 调味料 spicy pepper 胡椒 seasoning 调料 tomatoes 番茄 cucumber 黄瓜 elegant and intricate decorations 优雅精致的装饰 calories 卡路里 cholesterol 胆固醇 food and medicine sharing the same roots 药食相通 disease prevention 防病 health preservation 养生 balanced nutritional intake 均衡的营养摄入 manners and customs 风俗习惯 etiquettes 礼仪 proactively 主动的；积极地 contemporary Chinese 现代中国 soothing and joyous topics 安抚和快乐的话题 Italian pizza 意大利披萨 French gourmet 法国美食 Japanese sushi 日本寿司 American burgers 美国汉堡 German beers 德国啤酒 Brazilian barbeque 巴西烧烤 Indian curry 印度咖喱 Swiss cheese 瑞士奶酪 Eat in China 吃在中国 Traditional Foods 传统美食ecological environment 生态环境 population volume 人口数量 level of productivity 生产力水平 population density 人口密度 status quo 现状 mountain residents 山民 spring water 泉水 terraces 梯田 originating source 源头 Yellow River region 黄河流域 foxtail millet 粟 the Yangtze River 长江；扬子江 sticky or non-sticky rice 黏米和糙米 glutinous types of rice 糯米 agricultural age 农业时代 principal food 主食 Huangdi Neijing 《黄帝内经》 The Five Grains as life support, the Five Fruits as complimentary aide, the Five Meats as added benefits, and the Five Vegetables as substantial fill 五谷为养，五果为助，五畜为益，五菜为充 pod-bearing crops 豆荚作物 prehistoric times 史前时期 archeological sites 考古遗址 sorghum 高粱 Good Harvest of the Five Grain