中国应对环境和气候变化的政策和行动.doc

这是在国务院新闻办公室举办的新闻发布会现场发放的《中国应对气候变化的政策与行动2012年度报告》 国家发展和改革委员会 二〇一二年十一月 The?National?Development?and?Reform?Commission November?2012 前言 Foreword 中国是受气候变化不利影响最为脆弱的国家之一。2011年以来，中国相继发生了南方低温雨雪冰冻灾害、长江中下游地区春夏连旱、南方暴雨洪涝灾害、沿海地区台风灾害、华西秋雨灾害和北京严重内涝等诸多极端天气气候事件，给经济社会发展和人民生命财产安全带来较大影响。2011年全年共有4.3亿人次不同程度地受灾，直接经济损失高达3096亿元。 China?is?one?of?the?countries?most?vulnerable?to?the?adverse?impact?of?climate?change.?Starting?in2011,?the?country?has?been?hit?by?a?string?of?extreme?weather?and?climate?events,?including?thelow-temperature?freezing?rain?and?snow?in?south?China,?spring?and?summer?droughts?in?the?middleand?lower?reaches?of?the?Yangtze?River,?rainstorms?and?floods?in?the?south,?typhoons?in?coastalareas,?autumn?rains?in?western?China?and?serious?waterlogging?in?Beijing.?These?weather?andclimate?disasters?have?impacted?Chinas?economic?and?social?development?as?well?as?peoples?livesand?property?in?a?large?degree.?In?2011?alone,?natural?disasters?affected?430?million?people?andcaused?direct?economic?losses?of?309.6?billion?yuan. 中国政府高度重视气候变化问题。2011年十一届全国人大四次会议审议通过的《国民经济和社会发展第十二个五年规划纲要》（以下简称《纲要》），明确了“十二五”时期中国经济社会发展的目标任务和总体部署，应对气候变化作为重要内容正式纳入国民经济和社会发展中长期规划。《纲要》将单位GDP能源消耗降低16%、单位GDP二氧化碳排放降低17%、非化石能源占一次能源消费比重达到11.4%作为约束性指标，明确了未来五年中国应对气候变化的目标任务和政策导向，提出了控制温室气体排放、适应气候变化影响、加强应对气候变化国际合作等重点任务。 The?Chinese?government?attaches?great?importance?to?the?issue?of?climate?change.?In?2011,?theFourth?Session?of?the?Eleventh?National?Peoples?Congress?approved?the?Outline?of?the?12th?Five-Year?Plan?for?National?Economic?and?Social?Development,?which?defines?the?objectives,?tasks?andgeneral?framework?for?Chinas?economic?and?social?development?during?the?12th?Five-Year?Planperiod.?The?Outline?underlines?the?importance?of?climate?change?and?integrates?measures?foraddressing?it?into?the?countrys?mid-term?and?long-term?plans?for?economic?and?socialdevelopment.?It?sets?binding?targets?to?reduce?energy?consumption?per?unit?of?GDP?by?16percent,?cut?CO2?emissions?per?unit?of?GDP?by?17?percent,?and?raise?the?proport