周敦颐“诚”论微.pdf

摘 要 摘 要 “诚”是传统儒家学说的重要范畴，先秦儒家对“诚”已经十分重视，“诚”贯通天 道与人道的思维路线在这个时期也已基本定型，但“诚”又是如何贯通天道与人道的， 这一问题，先秦儒家没有给出具体的答案，这给宋儒周敦颐“诚”的思想留下了充分的 发挥空间。 周敦颐是宋明理学的开山宗主，黄宗羲言：“周子之学，以诚为本”，他在继承前人 “诚”的思想，特别是《中庸》有关“诚”的思想的基础上，以“诚”释太极，赋予“诚” 以本体意义，构建了儒家宇宙本体论的基础。并以“诚”作为沟通天人、连结物我的中 心环节,为个体的道德实践提供了坚实可信的依据，对于个体来说，道德实践的实质就 是对本体“诚”的复归。由此，周敦颐建立了一套立“诚”的道德践行方法。本文以周 敦颐“诚”的哲学思想为研究中心，首先对周敦颐以“诚”为本的为学宗旨进行总体阐 释，其中，对“诚”之具体哲学内涵进行了较为详尽的梳理；再从“诚”之本体论，“诚” 之道德观及“诚”之修养论三个方面分别进行具体阐释；最后评价周敦颐“诚”学思想 的理论意义。通过以上分析，以期对周子“诚”的哲学思想有更为准确的把握。 关键词：周敦颐 诚 儒家思想 I Abstract Abstract “Honesty” is an important category of traditional confucianism, it was much regarded and basically finalized to be thinking line of heaven and humanity in Pre-Qin Dynasty. However, the Confucianism could not give a special answer for how it through the heaven and humanity, which left a full paly space for Zhou Dunyi Zhou Dunyi is the pioneer of Song Ming Neo-Confucianism, Huang Zongxi evaluate him that“Chou’s learning take honestly at this”. He inheritance “Honesty” thought from predecessors, especially based on the idea of The Doctrine of the Mean, to interpret Tai Chi, to give “Honesty” ontological constructed on the basis of Confucian nature of the universe. And “Honesty” as central link for communication of heaven, object, self, and the individual to provide a solid moral practice based on credible, for the individual, ethical practice is the essence of the ontology of honesty of the reversion. Thus, Zhou established a set of “Honesty” moral practice method. In this paper, Chou “Honesty” philosophy for the research center, firstly, an overall interpretation of Zhou learning based on “sincerity”, which give a more