高级经贸英语(西方报刊经贸文章选读)1解析.doc

Lesson 1 Text China in the Market Place 1 Parry Coulthurst: a British economist, who worked as a bank economist for long in 1980s, becoming involved with the Asian region.. He visited China in 1984 with the Society of Business Economists.(商务经济学家协会)。 links: a connecting element; 纽带，连接 para.1 1 substantially: greatly 相当大地 2 the capital equipment: 资本设备, 固定设备 3 The Great Leap Forward of 1958-59: 一九五八－五九年的大跃进 4 initially produced gains ：at the beginning produced what it wanted to get 起初得到了预期的效果 gain：n. something gained or acquired 羸得或获得的事物： territorial gains. 领土的增加 5 exacerbate: to increase the severity, violence, or bitterness of; 使…加剧，使…剧烈，使…恶化； a speech that exacerbated racial tensions; 一个加剧了种族间紧张的演讲； a heavy rainfall that exacerbated the flood problems. 一场使水灾更为严重的暴雨 6 three bad harvests: 三年自然灾害 7 national income:国民收入：(注7)the total of all incomes of a country derived from economic activity during a specified period, generally one year, after allowance has been made for capital consumption. 8 contracted: reduced in size by drawing together; shrink. 通过收紧使…尺寸缩小；收缩 para.2 1 withdrawal: a retreat or retirement. 撤回，撤退 2 shift: to change position, direction, place, or form. 改变改变位置，方向，或形式 shift a burden from one shoulder to the other 将重担从一肩移至另一肩上 shift the blame on to someone else 把一切错误归于别人 3 its Comecon partners: the Comecon partners of the USSR COMECON: (注 4)abbr. Council for Mutual Economic Assistance 经济互助会[经互会] USSR: n.苏联(Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, 1922- 1991) (1922年12月30日－1991年12月26日)，苏维埃社会主义共和国联盟,简称苏联。已于1991年解体。 根据苏联宪法，苏联是联邦制国家，由15个平等权利的苏维埃社会主义共和国（加盟共和国）按照自愿联合的原则组成。首都为莫斯科。国家元首为苏联最高苏维埃主席团主席和苏联总统。政府首脑为部长会议主席和总理。武装力量名称为红军。 Para.3 1 disrupted: interrupted the progress, movement, or procedure of: 打断或妨碍进程、行动或程序： Our efforts in the garden were disrupted by an early frost. 一场早霜中断了我们在花园里的成果. 2 transportation constraints:交通制约 constraints :one that restricts, limits, or regulates; a check: 约束;约束、限制或制约性的事物 He ignored all moral constraints in his pursuit