lecture3否定翻译.ppt

否定的翻译 常用否定表示法 1 部分否定 代词或副词all,both,every,everything,entirely,altogether,completely,often等与not 搭配使用时，表示部分否定，意为“并非都是，不是每个都是”等意思。 例如: Both of them are not my brothers. 他们两个不全是我的兄弟。 Every man can not do it. 不是每个人都能做这件事。 He is not absolutely wrong. 他并不完全错。 I don’t altogether agree with you . 我并不完全同意你。 练习 I do not remember all there formulas. 这些公式我并非全记得。 Every man cannot be a writer. 并非每个人都可以成为作家。 2 全部否定 英语中表示全部否定时常用 no,not,none,nobody ,nothing,never等。 比较下列句子的翻译 I don’t know anything about her. I don’t know everything about her . 我对她一无所知。 她的情况我并不完全知道。 3 双重否定，意义肯定。 双重否定指一个句子里出现两个否定词，即否定之否定。翻译时，可以翻译成肯定形式，也可以保持双重否定。 Variation outside the range given are not unlikely. 变化超出规定范围并非不可能。 He doesn’t lend his books to nobody. 他的书没有哪个不借的。 Nothing is nothing at all. 没有一件事是微不足道的。 复合句中有两个否定词也属于双重否定 There is not one who know him, I believe ,that will not give cheerfully. 我相信，凡是曾经认识他的人，都乐于给他一些资助。 Nothing was useful which was not honest. 不正当的东西就是无用的东西。 练习 Nothing is impossible to a willing mind. 有志者事竟成。 Nobody does nothing. 人人要做事。 We cannot but read books to increase our knowledge. 我们只能 通过读书来增加知识。 There was nothing which you could do which I had not already done. 凡是你能做的事我都已经做了。 5 形式否定，意义肯定 翻译时候，不要拘泥于原文表层结构的否定。 You can not be too cautious. 越谨慎越好。 A man can never have too many friends. 朋友越多越好。 Nobody reads the book but will be moved. 谁读了这本书都会受感动。 Note:but这里是关系代词，相当于that，who does（will）not 比较下列句子： No one believes that she will succeed. No one believes but she will succeed. There is no one who knows him. There is no one but knows him. 一些类似的结构 Nothing but =nothing other than(只有） Not a little = much not a few =many But a little =little but a few = few Nothing was heard but the dripping o water. 只听见水的滴答声。 The affair has given her not a little trouble. 这事给他带来了很多麻烦。 He has but a few friends. 他有很多朋友。 曲言法：用否定对立的词强调肯定。 To my no small astonishment. I found the house on fire. 让我大吃一惊，房子发火了。 He has no small chance of success. 他大有成功可能。 练习 He can’t see you quickly enough. 他想立刻见到你。 There is no man