英语写作--The Process Essay.ppt

* * The Process Essay Solano College Federle, English 1 * What is a process? A process essay explains how to do something or how something occurs. An obvious example of process writing is a recipe. * Characteristics of Process Writing Strict chronological order If the steps described are repeated, the same outcome should always be achieved. Fixed order Clarity extremely important Transitions essential * Two Types of Process Writing Instructions: Enables readers to perform a process A recipe, a handout, an operating manual are examples of instruction writing. Use imperative mood. Subject of sentences is “you” understood; speak directly to reader. * 2. Process Explanation Purpose is to help reader understand how a process is carried out. Use either 1st person or 3rd person; not second person or imperative mood. May be in present or past tense, depending on whether the writer is explaining a process that takes place regularly or one that occurred in the past, and on whether the writer or someone else carried out the process. * First Person Third Person Present Tense “After I place the chemicals in the tray, I turn out the lights in the darkroom.” (habitual process performed by the writer) “After photographers place the chemicals in the tray, they turn out the lights in the darkroom.” (habitual process performed by someone other than the writer) Past Tense “After I placed the chemicals in the tray, I turned out the lights in the darkroom.” (process performed in the past by the writer) “After the photographer placed the chemicals in the tray, she turned out the lights in the darkroom.” (process performed in the past by someone other than the writer) * Using Process Writing College writing for science, literature, history, or any other subject. Use process writing to persuade or to inform. A process essay should have a clear thesis statement that identifies the process and tells why it is performed. * Planning a process essay Keep reader’s needs in mind. Explain reas