红外触发相机技术在山区动物调查中的应用要点讲解.doc

红外触发相机技术在山区动物调查中的应用 王 亮1，赵 伟2，杨增武1，陶金鼎1，包新康2* (1. 甘肃安西极旱荒漠国家级自然保护区管理局,瓜州, 736100；2. 兰州大学生命科学学院，兰州，730000) 摘要:近年来，红外触发相机凭借各种优势，在野生动物种类与数量调查中得到越来越多的应用。2012年6月-2013年3月，在安西极旱荒漠国家级自然保护区山区的水源及兽径处放置20部红外触发相机，以检验该技术在山区动物种类调查中的应用效果。监测期间共获得独立照片732张，经辨认，共拍摄到25种野生动物，隶属2纲，10目，15科，25属。哺乳类拍摄率最高的3种是北山羊（Capra ibex）、岩羊（Pseudois nayaur）及中亚兔（Lepus capensis）；鸟类拍摄率最高的3种为红嘴山鸦（Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax）、岩鸽（Columba rupestris rupestris）和石鸡（Alectoris chukar）。与传统样线法相比较，红外相机在大型兽类、行踪隐秘的猫科动物及夜间活动的动物调查中具有明显优势。但在鸟类调查中适用性不高，许多鸟类，特别是小型鸟类难以辨识。调查中同时发现，荒漠地区野生动物多聚集在水源地附近，但水源地同时放牧干扰较为严重，建议设立单独的牲畜饮水地，以减少对野生动物的干扰。 关键词：红外触发相机；山区；动物调查；安西自然保护区 中图分类号：Q985 文献标示码:A The application of infrared camera in wildlife survey in mountainous regions Wang Liang1,Zhao Wei2, Yang Zengwu1, Tao Jinding1, Bao Xinkang2* (1 Anxi Extra-arid Desert National Nature Reserve Service, Guazhou 736100, 2 School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China) Abstract: In recent years, infrared camera has been widely used in wildlife survey and monitoring. To survey and monitor the wildlife which inhabit in mountainous regions of An’xi Extra-arid Desert National Nature Reserve, 20 infrared cameras were set from June 2012 to April 2013. During our monitoring, a total of 732 independent photographs (IP) were identified from 2517 animal photos. At least 25 species were identified which belonging to 15 families of 10 orders, including 8 species of mammals and 17 birds. The most common three mammals occurred on photos included ibex (Capra ibex), blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur) and grass hare (Lepus capensis), and the most common three birds were red-billed chough (Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax), rock pigeon (Columba rupestris rupestris) and chukar partridge (Alectoris chukar). Compared to traditional survey approach, infrared camera was powerful in the survey of the larger ungulata, the felidae and nocturnal animals, but not in the monitoring of small birds. We also found that most of the animals were shootin