道路工程(专业英语).doc

Road works Roads resulting from human activities associated with，And to promote social progress and development，Is a symbol of history and civilization、A sign of scientific progress，The original road is formed by people trampling trails。After the requirements have a better road，Borrow pit fill，Frame wood across the river to Easy access。 Mid-18th century，Modern road construction began in Europe the rise. In 1747 the first bridge to establish the school in Paris. Teresa French P.-M.-J. cover、British Mark T. Telford and J.L. when other Engineers propose a new pavement structure theory and practice, Laid the foundation of modern road construction. 1883 - 1885 Germany G.W. Daimler、C.F. Benz invented the car，Created by automobile traffic and new road works in the modern era. 1931 ~ 1942, Germany built the highway network, Provides for the automotive traffic safety, speed, economy, comfort driving conditions. Subgrade Roadbed is the main route, is the basis of the road and the vehicle load and road surface to bear. Its cross-section of embankment fill and cut into the embankment-type situation, cutting style, half-filled and half-dug-style categories. Shoulder on both sides of the rembankment is within the zone edge for supporting the road, parked vehicles or for temporary pedestrian use. Earthwork embankment into difficulty by excavation earthworks(Cultivation, ordinary soil, hard soil three) and Rock Engineering (soft rock, hard rock times, hard rock three). Subgrade in road construction, Large projects, covering a wide，Often the key to control the construction schedule, So requirements:① as far as possible along with a combination of irrigation and water conservancy construction and strive to save space; ② in accordance with standard design, strict control of construction quality, to ensure sufficient strength and roadbed stability; ③ strengthening works to improve drainage and protection, along the river embankment should be careful not to be destroyed by flood; ④ fi