CellDesign教案分析.ppt

Now that we have determined takt time, let’s talk about the details of the processes which are required to produce a part. One element that is important to know is both the current state material flow and current state worker flow. A fairly simple way to identify this is through a spaghetti diagram. A spaghetti diagram maps the movement of material and/or workers during the course of making one part, the course of an hour, a shift, or some other timeframe. In this example, the red and blue lines represent two different workers’ movements during the course of one hour. In this case, the spaghetti diagram reveals a potential opportunity for improving productivity through cell design. An important element in designing cells is operator and machine loading. This slide shows an example of a four-step-process with details about machine loading at the top and worker loading at the bottom. Let’s imagine that these are four independently run processes that we are attempting to incorporate into a cell…so, given the information on this slide, what are the opportunities and challenges that we have? Encourage participants to talk about machine loading imbalance, worker workload balance (somewhat balanced), operator loading not at takt time, machine loading above takt time, what can/should be done?, what are some of the potential inhibitors? Notes for presenter: - Operation 40 needs to be addressed since machine time is greater than takt time - Point out that workers at operation 30 and 40 have lots of idle time (machine time is greater than operator time) - Given that worker manual time is approximately half of machine time, one worker each could potentially operate two machines An important cell design concept worth spending some time on, is the principle of worker-machine separation. Worker-machine separation is the concept of having one worker operate multiple machines. On the previous slide, there were four processes performed on four separate machines, each being