农村家庭养老的现状及思考——以海南琼中和乐东为例 毕业论文.doc

摘 要 家庭养老，即老年人居住在家庭中，主要由具有血缘关系的家庭成员对老人提供赡养服务的养老模式。截至2011年，海南省60岁以上的户籍老年人口有115.96万，占户籍总人口的12.77% ，其中，50%以上在农村，达60万人口以上。家庭养老一直是我国农村地区的主要养老方式，影响家庭养老的因素除了国家政策，传统文化的影响外还有社会经济发展状况，法律制度的影响。由于地区的不同，经济发展状况以及政策的实施情况也不同，所以家庭养老的实际情况也会有所差别。 本文运用问卷调查法，对当前海南琼中和乐东地区农村老年人生活现状进行了调研分析，分析调研数据得出家庭养老是当前农民首选的养老方式，海南农村家庭养老的功能仍然发挥着重要作用，但是在海南农村老人对家庭养老比较满意的情况下，笔者也发现一些问题和不足之处。通过分析家庭养老问题产生的原因，结合海南农村实际情况，笔者尝试着提出解决海南农村家庭养老问题的初步思路。 关键词：家庭养老；海南农村；“孝”文化；农村经济 Abstract Family?pension?,?is?a?model?that?the?elderly?living?at?home,family?members?with?blood?relationship?with?the?elderly?provide?for?them.?As?of?2011?,?population?of?the?domicile?elderly?aged?over?60?is?1,159,600?,?accounting?for?12.77%?of?the?total?household?population?,?of?which?more?than?50%?are?in?rural?areas, accounting?for?more than 600,000 of the population. Family pension has been the main model of pension in rural areas, in addition to national policy，factors that influence family pension also include traditional culture, social and economic development, as well as legal system. Since the economic development and implementation of policies vary in different regions, actual situation of the family pension is different . This paper uses questionnaire to investigate the current living situation of the elderly people in QiongZhong and Ledong of Hainan province. The investigation data shows that family pension is currently the most preferred way of Hainan rural family. Rural family pension still plays an important role. But although the rural elderly people are satisfied, some problems and deficiencies were found. By analyzing the cause of family pension problem, combination with the practical situation of Hainan rural areas, this paper puts forward the preliminary ideas to solve the problem of Hainan rural family pension. Keywords : family pension ; Hainan countryside ; filial piety culture ; rural economy 目 录 一、家庭养老的传统定义 1 二、家庭养老的功能分析 1 三、影响家庭养老的因素 2 （一）国家政策的影响 2 （二）传统文化美德的影响 2 （三）经济因素的影响 3 （四）法律制度的影响 3 四、当前农村家庭养老的现状、问题以及特点 3 （