泡沫钻进工艺及关键技术分析 毕业论文.doc

摘要 泡沫钻井是一种新的、用于对付特殊的自然地理环境和复杂的地质条件的钻井技术。它利用均匀稳定的泡沫流体作为钻井时的循环介质，既克服了高密度钻井液体的缺点，同时也克服了雾化及空气钻井的缺点，有效的解决了在干旱缺水地区的钻进难题。同时由于其密度低，在破碎裂隙发育地层、低压油气层中，得到了广泛地应用。另外，由于泡沫流上返速度低，对井壁冲刷作用小，因此在易坍塌、胶结性差的地层中，有效地防治了孔内事故的发生，在钻井领域有着越来越广泛的应用。 本文首先介绍了泡沫钻井的钻井泡沫，包括钻井泡沫的的基本概念、基本性能和组成；其次论述了泡沫钻进的基本理论，包括泡沫钻进的工作原理，泡沫钻进的循环方式与灌注方式，钻井设备及钻进中的消泡技术和安全技术；再次介绍了泡沫钻进的钻进工艺参数包括泡沫溶液的浓度、气液比、泡沫质量、钻压、转速、空气量、泡沫灌注量洗井时的注入压力等参数的确定方法以及利用计算机模型计算各流动参数的方法；最后通过小口径金刚石泡沫钻进工程实例来分析泡沫钻井与常规钻井该方法相比较，体现其技术的优越性。在文章的结语部分，对泡沫钻进的技术要点进行总结，并对其发展前景做了展望。 关键词：泡沫钻井 钻井泡沫 钻井参数 泡沫性能 ABSTRACT Foam drilling is a kind of new and used to deal with the special natural geographical environment and complex geological conditions of drilling technology. It use uniform stability of foam drilling fluid as the circulation medium, which overcomes the shortcoming of the liquid density of drilling, but also to overcome the shortcomings of drilling and air atomization, effectively solved the problem of water into the drought. Also because of its low density, the fracture strata, low oil layer, had been used widely. In addition, due to low speed on the flow of foam on wall, small, so the flushing action to collapse, cementation of strata, effectively control the hole accidents in drilling area has more and more widely. This paper firstly introduces the foam drilling, including drilling foam drilling bubble of the basic concepts, basic properties and composition, Then discusses the foam drilling the basic theory, including the working principle, foam drilling cycle and the foam drilling, drilling equipment and pouring into the defoaming technology and safety technology, Introduced the foam drilling again into the process parameters including foam solution concentration, gas and liquid foam, quality, than wob, speed, air volume, foam perfusion measure the well-flushing injection pressure parameters determination method of using a computer model and the calculation method of the parameters of each flow, Fin