2 商务英语翻译之词汇翻译.pptVIP

遣 词 “推敲”之说 “鸟宿池边树，僧敲月下门” ——《题李凝幽居》 贾岛 一名之立，旬月踟蹰。 —— 严复 一、词义的选择 英语词汇丰富 Webster’s 3rd International English Dictionary收录45万条entry 英语词义特点： 灵活多变（一词多义，一词多用，一词多类），语义范围宽，同义词多，翻译时难以找到对应词 一词多义 a dry sheep 不产奶 dry bread 不加黄油 a dry book 枯燥无味 a dry account 干巴巴、不加渲染的 一词多义 a dry welcome 冷淡 a dry face 无泪 a dry writer 没有作品的 dry efforts 徒劳无益的 一词多类 a square peg in a round hole. 不称职的人 He was knocked out in the third round. The taxi rounded the corner and disappeared from view. The earth rotates round the sun. The news was soon passed round. 2 根据上下文选择词义 She was a girl with good manners. 她是一位举止得体的姑娘。 These were all labeled as good eggs. 这些都被标为新鲜的鸡蛋。 Dogs are often regarded as man’s good friends. 狗经常被认为是人们的忠实朋友。 He was a good chess player. 他是个高明的棋手。 3 根据不同前后搭配确定词义 4 根据不同的学科领域或专业确定词义 二、词义的引申 1 技术性引申 2 修辞性引申 disintegration 土崩瓦解 far-sightedness 远见卓识 perfect harmony 水乳交融 careful consideration 深思熟虑 3 具体化引申 He waited for her with a frenzied agitation. 在等她的过程中他急得象热锅上的蚂蚁。 There is more to their life than political and social and economic problems; more than transient everydayness. 他们的生活远不止那些政治的、社会的和经济的问题，远不止一时的柴米油盐问题。 4 抽象化引申： There is a mixture of the tiger and the fox in the character of the imperialists. 帝国主义者的性格既残暴又狡猾。 Every life has its roses and thorns. 每个人的生活都有甜有苦. By this means she cast in a bone between the wife and the husband. 她用这种手段离间这对夫妻。 Man for the field and woman for the hearth; Man for the sword and for the needle she. Man with the head and woman with the heart; Man to command and woman to obey. 男人适于农耕，女人适于家务； 男人宜于征战，女人宜于缝纫； 男人善于深思，女人富于感情； 男人发号施令，女人唯有服从。 三、词类的转换 转换成汉语的动词 英语和汉语相比较，汉语中动词用得比较多，这是一个特点。 往往在英语句子中只用一个谓语动词，而在汉语中却可以几个动词或动词性结构连用。如：He admires th