8D：8 DISCIPLINES 8D手法--問題解決程序.ppt

Page * of 110 4. 整理改善對策方案,詳細考慮各方案優缺點,再予過慮,評價,建立共識以決定最佳方案. 5. 以上對策方案,直呈請主管核定後據以實施. Page * of 110 D6: Implement and Validate Permanent Corrective Action 永久改善行動的對策實施與效果確認 **請勿以此步確認 D3 的有效性 具體實施方案完成後, 即須按決定的方案去實施每項改善案,並儘量以分工合作的方式在限制的期限內完成. Page * of 110 在每一項的對策展開中, 還是要依P-D-C-A的旋轉, 須收集數據隨時掌握實施動態, 確認每一對策的效果, 假如效果不佳時,亦可修定對策, 再重新執行. 將之標準化, 並納入FMEA. Page * of 110 效果確認需比較改善前後 方法有: 1. 推移圖 2. 柏拉圖 3. 管制圖 4. 雷達圖 以統計方法驗証效果的顯著與不顯著  以統計手法驗証之 Page * of 110 過程較簡易. EG.1.SHOTDOWN. 2.暫時加強檢驗水準.. P (D6) A C (D6) D (D6) 過程較複雜 . (模擬+中長期追蹤確認) 例::規範SOP . P (D3) A C (D3) D (D3) D3和D6 的PDCA的差異 Page * of 110 D7: Prevent Actions(避免再發生) 指文件更新, 要有以下兩種文件 1.實際作業規範. 程序及製程來避免此問題及其他相關問再發生, 2.並將之納入品質作業作業系統及推 廣, 如: FMEA 或 General Rule 文件 Page * of 110 D7: Systematic Prevent Recommendations 修正管理系統 針對現有的作業或系統做修正 另尋解決對策所替換的系統 Page * of 110 8D 如何納入知識管理體系 8D FMEA Positrol Plan OCAP TCM Form Process Control TECN: Containment Action ECN: Permanent Action D3 D7 D6 Part Function Process Function Potential Failure Mode Severity Potential Effect(s) of Failure Classif. Occurrence Potential Cause(s)/Mechanism(s) of Failure Current process Controls Detection 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 The section of the FMEA form duplicated above has several logic traps that cause teams to get confused and go off track.Follow this guide if your team is confused. 1.Design FMEA Be sure to list all part functions and engineering specifications. Process FMEA Be sure to list all process functions and requirements. 2.Failure modes occur in two major ways: ?Complete failure (fails to function). ?Partial failure (Intermittent;Overperformance;Degrades over time faster than specified.) 3. Effects are all the downstream consequences of the failure mode. 4. Severity measures the seriousness of the effects. 5..Note critical or significant characteristics in the Classification column. 6. In this process,Causes create failure modes,not effects. 7.Occurrence is the