科技英语的文体特征.pptVIP

科技英语阅读与写作指南 科技英语的文体特征 科技英语的文体特征 随着现代科学技术的发展，科技英语(English for Science and Technology 简称EST)已逐渐形成了一种独立的文体形式，有关自然科学和社会科学的英语学术著作、论文、研究报告、专利产品的说明等均属于科技英语。从总体上说，科技英语涉及到的运用领域是整个科学技术界，而就语言的具体运用而言，科技英语则具体表现为某一领域的专业英语。作为一种文体，科技英语有其自身的特点，了解科技英语文体特点对科技英语的阅读与写作有很大帮助。 科技英语的文体特征 我们比较一下下面两段文章就可以大致了解到科技英语文章与其他文体的差别。 例1． Della finished her cry and attended to her cheeks with the powder rag．She stood by the window and looked out dully at a gray cat walking a gray fence in a gray backyard. Tomorrow would be Christmas Day, and she had only $1.87 with which to buy Jim a present．She had been saving every penny she could for months，with this result．Twenty dollars a week doesn`t go far．Expenses had been greater than she had calculated They always are． Only $1.87 to buy a present for Jim. Her Jim. Many a happy hour she had spent planning for something nice for him．Something fine and rare and sterling—— something just a little bit near to being worthy of the honor of being owned by Jim． 科技英语的文体特征 例2． The presence of a pronounced yield point followed by large plastic strains is an important characteristic of mild steel that is sometimes utilized in practical design． Materials that undergo large strains before failure are classified as ductile．An advantage of ductility is that visible distortions may occur if the loads become too large，thus providing an opportunity to take remedial action before an actual fracture occurs．Also，ductile materials are capable of absorbing large amounts of energy prior to fracture．Ductile materials include mild steel，aluminum and some of its alloys，copper，magnesium，lead，molybdenum，nickel，brass，bronze，monel metal，nylon，Teflon，and many others． 科技英语的文体特征 第一段文章为文学作品，语言表达灵活、生动，富于很强的艺术感染力，而第二段文章语言规范，文风质朴，文理清晰，没有一丝美学修辞的痕迹，为典型的科技英语文体。 一般来说，科技英语文章有下列几点文体特征： 1、语言规范：科技英语文章表达概念、判断一定要清楚明白，精确恰当，不含糊其词，模棱两可。这就要求语言必须规范，描述必须准确无误。 2、语气正式：科技英语文章与其他文体的根本区别在于它的科学性．在描述科技活动时语言不随意轻率，语气上比较正式。 科技英语的文体特征 3、文体质朴：科技英语文章不能像文学创作那样用含