九年级U1语法被动语态资料.ppt

英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者。 1.被动语态基本结构：be+及物动词的过去分词 （如果是不及物动词，其过去分词应带有相应的介词） 2.一般现在时的被动语态为：am/is/are+过去分词 一般过去时的被动语态为：was/were+ 过去分词 3.与情态动词连用的被动语态： can/should/must/will+ be + 过去分词 4.被动语态中动作的发出者或执行者做介词by的宾语， 放在句末，by 表示“由，被”的意思。 被动语态的用法： 1. 不知道谁是动作的执行者，或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者。 e.g. English is spoken all over the world. 全世界都在说英语。 2. 需要突出或强调动作的承受者。 e.g. This dictionary is used by most students. 这本字典是大多数学生在用的。 1. 有些短语动词相当于及物动词，变为被动句时介词或副词不能去掉。 e.g. They put off the meeting because of the weather. → The meeting was put off because of the weather. 会议因天气的缘故被推迟了。 三、主动语态变被动语态应注意的问题 2. 含有双宾语的主动句变为被动句时， 通常把指“人”的间接宾语变为主语， 指“物”的直接宾语保留不变；如果把 指“物”的直接宾语变为主语，则在间接 宾语前加to或for。 e.g. My aunt gave me an e-dictionary yesterday. I was given an e-dictionary yesterday. An e-dictionary was given to me yesterday. 3. 主动句中感官动词see / hear / watch / feel等和使役动词make / let / have等后跟省略to的动词不定式，变为被动语态时应加上不定式符号to。 e.g. I saw a heavy man enter the house. A heavy man was seen to enter the house. 4. 系动词、不及物动词或某些短语动词（happen, take place, come true, fall asleep…）没有被动语态。 e.g. What happened to Mr. Brown? 布朗先生发生了什么事？ 将下列句子变为被动语态。 1. He chose six story books the other day. Six story books _____ _______ by him the other day. 2. Uncle Lee gave Jack a large cake for he painted the wall wonderfully. Jack _____ _____ a large cake for he painted the wall wonderfully. was given were chosen 3. A mouse ate half of the cake last night. Half of the cake _____ _____ by a mouse last night. was eaten 将下列句子变为主动语态。 4. Were these machines invented by Edison? _____ Edison _______ these machines? Did invent 5. The post card was sent to Linda by Paul. Paul _____ the post card ___ Linda. 6. America was discovered by Columbus. Columbus __________ America. sent to discovered 4a Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice. 点拨：原句为一般过去时态