高三语法从句好习题讲解.doc

高三英语语法知识复习(复合句) 一、名词性从句 名词性从句相当于名词，可分别在句中作主语、表语、宾语和同位语。可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。 从属连词that：在从句中不充当任何成分，也没有任何意思，只起连接作用，有时可以省略 从属连词if, whether：在从句中不充当任何成分，有意义，不可以省略 连接代词who, whoever, whom, whomever, which, whichever, what, whatever, whose： 在从句中充当成分，有意义，不可以省略 连接副词where, when, why, how：在从句中充当成分，有意义，不可以省略 一、主语从句 １.由从属连词引导的主语从句： ①Whether the country should build a nuclear power station is something we must discuss. 那个国家是否应该建立核电站…… ②That light travels in straight line is known to all .光以直线传播…. ２.由连接代词引导的主语从句： ①What we need is more time. 我们所需要的是…… ②Whichever book you choose doesn’t matter to me.无论你选哪本书…… ３.由连接副词引导的主语从句： ①When the plane is to take off hasn’t been announced.飞机什么时候起飞…… ③How much water is flowing can be measured easily.水的流量是多少…… 4.关于形式主语it ①It + be +形容词+ that-从句 It is necessary that…　有必要…… 　　It is important that…重要的是… It is obvious that…很明显…… It is likely that….很可能 ②It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句 It is believed that…人们相信……It is known to all that…众所周知…It has been decided that…已决定…… ③It + be +名词+ that-从句 It is common knowledge that…　 ……是常识 　　　It is a surprise that…　　 令人惊奇的是…… It is a fact that…事实是…… 可应用于此句型的名词还有fact / shame / honor / question/pity等。 ④ It +不及物动词+ that-分句 It appears that…似乎……It happens that…碰巧…… 　　　It occurred to me that…　我突然想起…… 二、表语从句 可以接表语从句的连系动词有 be, look, remain, seem 等。 The problem is that millions of people die of illnesses caused by smoking. ……数百万人死于由抽烟引起的疾病 The question remains whether we can win the game…..我们是否能赢得这次比赛 值得注意的是： 1. 表语从句的表现形式除了用从属连词，连接代词和连接副词引导以外，还可以由as, as if ，as though引导. It looks as if it is going to rain. 好象要下雨了。 2、另外还要注意以下常用的两种结构：The reason why…is that … (而不用 because) It ( This, That ) is because… The reason why he was dismissed is that he didn’t work hard. 他为什么被开除是因为他工作不努力。 三、同位语从句 同位语从句一般由 that, whether 等连词引导，常放在 advice, doubt, fact, hope, idea, information, message, news, order, possibility, problem, question, reason, truth, word, suggestion.等名词的后面，说明该名词的具体内容。 l. The news that he had landed o