马来酸二甲基乙醇胺酯接枝PP的制备教程.doc

摘 要 聚丙烯（PP）作为一种应用极为广泛的通用树脂，以其密度小，强度高，耐热性和绝缘性优良等特点，已成为极具发展前景的塑料。为了使聚丙烯的性能更优良，通常会对聚丙烯进行改性。本实验就是研究制备马来酸二甲基乙醇胺酯并接枝到聚丙烯上，通过引入亲水性基团的方法，赋予PP极性，实现对PP亲水性的改善。 本文着重讨论了马来酸二甲基乙醇胺酯的制备与其接枝PP的方法及表征。酯的合成过程中，分析比较不同的实验条件下合成路线的可行性和初始物料的转化率，找出最佳方案后制备接枝PP并计算产率；之后采用熔融接枝的方法将产物与 PP共聚，接枝单体用量为PP重量的5%。 实验结果表明：在MAH和DMEA摩尔比为1:3时，通过加少量硫酸催化并持续抽真空的方法制得的马来酸二甲基乙醇胺双酯产率可以达到71.67%，然后用密炼机将产物熔融接枝到PP上，制备得到接枝率为5.151%的接枝聚丙烯，对终产物进行红外表征和亲水性测试，发现接枝PP较纯PP而言亲水性大大提高。 关键词: 聚丙烯 马来酸酐 二甲基乙醇胺 亲水性  Title Preparation of maleic acid dimethyl ethanolamine ester grafted polypropylene Abstract As a general-purpose resins used widely, polypropylene has become a very promising plastic with its low density, high strength, heat resistance and excellent insulation characteristics. In order to make the better performance, polypropylene usually be modified. This experiment researches preparation of maleic acid dimethyl ethanolamine ester, and it is grafted to polypropylene. By introducing the hydrophilic group, the method gives PP polarity and improve the hydrophilicity of it. This article focuses on the preparation of maleic acid dimethyl ethanolamine ester, the methods of graft polypropylene and its characterization. In the synthetic process of ester, we find the best solution and calculate the yield of grafted PP by analyzing feasibility of the synthetic routes in different experimental conditions and the conversion rate of starting material. Then we copolymerisate PP with previous product by melt grafting. The graft monomer occupies an amount of 5% of PP by weight. The experimental results showed that production rate of maleic acid dimethyl ethanolamine diester can reaches 71.67% by adding a small amount of sulfuric acid as catalyst and vacuum continuously in the MAH and DMEA molar ratio of 1:3.When the product was grafted to the PP with a mixer, we prepare grafted polypropylene with the graft degree of 5.151%. By FTIR and the hydrophily test, we found that compared with pure PP the grafted PP was greatly impro