介孔碳制备条件的优化介绍.doc

本 科 毕 业 论 文 题 目： 介孔碳制备 学生姓名： 学 号： 院（系）： 专业班级： 2011环境工程 指导教师： 教授 起止时间： 2014 年 5月——2015 年 月 介孔碳 摘 要： 多孔碳材料一般指具有一定孔道结构的碳材料，按照其孔径的大小分为微孔碳材料（孔径2nm）、介孔碳材料（2nm孔径50nm）和大孔碳材料（孔径50nm）。多孔碳材料在分离和吸附领域有着独特的应用，对氮气、挥发性烃和重金属离子有着较高的吸附能力。微孔碳材料由于其孔径较小、孔径分布较宽等特点，限制了其在染料和大分子物质的吸附等方面的应用。因此较大孔径的介孔碳材料引起了广泛的关注，介孔碳作为吸附材料有着许多优势，一方面，在介孔碳材料的孔道中可以引入具有不同结构和功能的基团，从而较为容易的得到不同性质的吸附剂；另一方面，通过调整实验条件，制备出不同孔径的介孔碳材料，通过增大吸附剂的比表面积，来增加其材料的吸附能力。 目前常用的介孔碳制备方法有催化活化法、有机凝胶碳化法和模板法。本研究主要采用模板法制备介孔碳材料。通过改变碳源种类、模板剂种类、模板剂投加量和碳化时间等实验条件，结合SEM检测得到的材料外观结构、BET测试得到的孔径孔容分布结果，探讨影响模板剂孔径大小和孔道结构的因素。 实验结果表明 关键词：介孔碳；硬模板法；SEM；BET Preparation charaterizationof mesoporous carbon Abstract: Porous carbon materials generally refers to carbon materials with certain pore structure, according to the size of its aperture is divided into microporous carbon material (2nm in diameter), mesoporous carbon materials (2nm 50nm in diameter) and macroporous carbon materials (50nm in diameter). Porous carbon material has unique application in separation and adsorption field, has a higher adsorption capacity for heavy metal ions, volatile hydrocarbons and nitrogen. Microporous carbon material due to its small pore size, the pore size distribution is wide, which limits its application in dye and macromolecules adsorption etc. Therefore, large pore mesoporous carbon material has attracted wide attention, mesoporous carbon as adsorbent materials have many advantages, on the one hand, in the channels of mesoporous carbon materials can be introduced with different structural and functional groups, different adsorbent properties to get easier; on the other hand, by adjusting the experimental the conditions, preparation of mesoporous carbon materials with different pore sizes, by increasing the specific area of adsorbent, to increase the adsorption capacity of the material. The preparation method of mesoporous carbon are commonly used in catalytic activation, organic gel carbonization and template method. This research mainly uses the temp