高二英语第三讲伟大的科学家(reading语法和阅读练习).docxVIP

第三讲 伟大的科学家（reading、语法和阅读练习）适用学科高中英语适用年级高中一年级适用区域人教版课时时长（分钟）90知识点过去分词做定语和表语教学目标1、知识：学习过去分词做定语和表语，并能够实际运用。 2、方法：分析和理解文章中长难句以及高级句式，并学习仿写。 3、能力：阅读和分析与科学家有关的文章。教学重点过去分词做定语和表语教学难点了解几位不同领域的科学家，进而帮助理解文章。复习预习 1、单词和词组默写： 1）conclude vi.终结；结束；推断；决定 2）attend v. ①注意；留意；处理(与to连用)=do with ②出席；到场 ③照看；照料=take care of; look after 3）expose vt.使暴露，显露；曝光；揭露 4）absorb v.吸收；使(精神)贯注；占用(时间) 5）blame vt.责备；谴责；归咎于；n. 责怪；(过失、过错等)责任 6）instruct vt.教导；指示 7）contribute vi. vt.捐助，捐献，贡献；投稿 8）put forward 提出(建议等)；推荐某人或自己任职位；提名 9）apart from 除……之外；另外 10）make sense讲得通；有意义 知识讲解 一．重点语法讲解：过去分词作定语和表语 (1) 过去分词做定语 过去分词做定语，在语态上是_______；在时间上，表示动作已经发生或完成，与它所修饰的词有逻辑上的动宾关系。如： English is a widely used language. (表被动) He threw away the broken cup. (表完成) This is one of the schools built in 1980s. (表被动和完成) Prices of daily goods bought through a computer can be lower than store prices (表被动) 注意： 1）单个过去分词及由过去分词构成的复合形容词作定语时，常放在被修饰词的前面，表示_______和_________的意义。 The injured passengers are now being taken good care of in the hospital. There are some fallen leaves in the yard. The United States is a developed country. China has sent up many man-made satellites. 2）过去分词短语作定语，常放在被修饰词的后面，相当于一个定语从句。 This is the best novel written by Xiao Ming. = This is the best novel that was written by Xiao Ming. Several guests invited to your birthday party didn’t come. = Several guests who were invited to your birthday party didn’t come. 3）及物动词的过去分词表示__________________________________，只表示被动关系。 polluted water= water which is polluted被污染的水 reserved seats= the seats which were reserved被保留的座位 trapped animal = the animal which was trapped被困住的动物 不及物动词的过去分词________________，只表示______________________，含有动作完成，动作结束之含义。 boiled water= water which has boiled开水 fallen leaves= the leaves which have fallen 落叶 risen sun= the sun which has risen升起的太阳 (2) 过去分词做表语 表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态。许多动词的过去分词已经被当作形容词使用。如：disappointed, excited, moved, puzzled, pleased, surprised, lost等。 The window is broken. 窗户碎了。 Don’t get so excited. 别这么激动。 1）用作表语的过去分词被动意味很弱，主