论马克思生态伦理思想——一种文化学的研究视角.doc

 Study on Marx’s Ecological Ethics Thoughts —— A Perspective from Cultural Study A Dissertation Submitted for the Degree of Master Candidate：Li Meilii Supervisor：Vi Vice Prof.Sang Yeming Chang’an University, Xi’an, China 摘 要 “生态危机”问题作为 21 世纪的“世纪问题”， 首先是人与自然关系的危机，要 从根本上改变对人与自然对立关系的错误认知，树立一种全新的、科学的生态观念—— “人与自然和谐统一”的伦理思想，才能更加合理规范地寻求问题解决之道。生态伦理 是研究人类自身与周围生态环境关系的一系列道德规范。一直以来，在人们的思维范畴 中，人与自然之间是统治与被统治、征服与被征服的关系，长期积累的结果即是严重的 生态破坏，具体表现为人与自然的和谐统一关系被打破。反思过去的这种生态价值观念， 重建人与自然的和谐统一关系，是体现马克思生态伦理思想批判性、科学性、和前瞻性 的重要依据和实践诉求。 本课题从文化学的视角进行研究，首先解释了文化和生态伦理的基本释义及两者之 间的关系，进而探究生态危机产生的文化之因，得出人类实践活动方式是生态危机产生 的根源，在此基础上，追溯了马克思生态伦理思想的历史演进。接着，论述了马克思生 态伦理思想的内容，这是本文的重点，文章主要从异化劳动与生态危机、人与自然的统 一、共产主义是自然主义和人道主义的统一三个方面来阐述，说明了马克思生态伦理思 想的丰富性和科学性。理论必须和实践相结合，才能真正运用和创新，马克思生态伦理 思想的当代价值在于能够坚持人与自然的和谐发展，为消灭私有观念的价值文化，实现 全球一体化生态文化价值的实现奠定坚实的基础，有利于人与自然的和谐发展，同时， 为营造可持续发展的生态文明发展模式和构建社会主义和谐社会提供了指导原则。 关键词：生态危机，人与自然, 文化，马克思生态伦理 i ABSTRACT Ecological crisis, as the century problem of the 21st century, firstly means the crisis between human and nature. Only changing the misperceptions of the relationship between human beings and nature fundamentally, and establishing a new and effective ecological view, that is the ethic thought about the harmony and unity between human and nature, can we seek the solution of the problem in a more reasonable and standard way. Ecological ethics is a range of ethical norms about studying the relationship between human and ecological surroundings. In the area of people’s thought category, the relationship between human and nature has been ruler and ruled. The result of long-term accumulation is a serious ecological destruction, that shows the harmonious and unified relation between human and nature is broken. Reflecting on the past concept of ecological value, rebuilding the harmonious and unified relation between human and nature is an important basis and practice request embodying the criticalness, scientificalness and perspectiveness of Marxs ecological ethics thought. We study this t