Mammals-WoodlandParkZoo.ppt

Built for running: small, suspended collarbone allows for long strides, fused wrist bones provide shock absorption (and support for climbing and grappling) Some can run long distances, others are rapid sprinters that use their speed to overcome their prey Territorial: use scentmarking to form territory boundaries Carnivore Characteristics continued All carnivores have special anal glands that emit secretions, also mark territory with urine Specialized reproductive anatomy: males in all families, except hyenas, have a penis bone to prolong copulation Order: Carnivora Family members (common names) Cats Civets, genetsAfrican palm civet Mongooses Fossa, Malagasy carnivores Hyenas Aardwolf Dogs, foxes, wolves, coyoteBears Giant panda Raccoons, coatis, kinkajou Red pandaWeasels, badgers, otters, fishers, wolverines SkunksEared seals, sea lionsEarless seals Walrus Primate CharacteristicsThe following apply to most primates: Opposable first digit on hands and feet Social animals Arboreal part or all of the time Color vision Omnivorous DeBrazza’s guenons Primate Characteristics (continued) Forward facing eyes allows for stereoscopic vision (ability to judge distance) Five digits on each limbs; usually with nails Longer gestation, reduced number of offspring Increased complexity of brain Drawings by Sue Cockrell Primates Prosimians Apes New World monkeys Old World monkeys Orders of Mammals in Washington Marsupials – opossum (1) Rabbits, hares (8) Rodents (51) Bats (16) Shrews, moles (12) Carnivores (25) Even-toed ungulates (7) Whales, dolphins, porpoises (26) *Includes introduced species (9) Source: Burke Museum, /burkemuseum/collections/mammalogy/mamwash/mamwash.html Pygmy rabbit California sea lions Mammal Conservation One in every four mammals faces a high risk of extinction in the near future (IUCN Species Survival Commission, 2004) Factors leading to species declines: Habitat destruction Introduced species Pollution Over-