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硕士学位考前辅导 ;写作;一. 基本步骤;二、评分标准;
批改作文时,主要从内容和语言两个方面进行综合评判。内容和语言是一个统一体。作文应表达题目所规定的内容,而内容要通过语言来表达。作文是否切题,是否充分表达思想,和语言上的错误是否造成理解上的障碍有密切的关系。下面就评分标准的四个方面分别加以说明。
;(一)内容切题;(二)意义连贯; 下面这个段落是一篇文章的第三段。文章的标题是:Good Health;提纲是
1.Importance of good health
2.Ways to keep fit
3.My own practice
;
I don’t eat meat much. Every morning I take the long run and in my spare time I like playing tennis and volleyball.. In this way I keep good health and lead a happy life.
As for me, I enjoy a good health as I keep a simple diet with more vegetables, fruit and less meat. Moreover, I do some exercises whenever I have time such as long distance running, playing tennis or volleyball. As a result, I have been a top student all through the four years in the university. So good health is important to everyone. ; (三)无重大语法错误;三.如何进行选词;(一)选用通俗易懂的词; (二)区分具体与抽象的词; 抽象词意范围大,概括力强,但给人以空洞的感觉,适合于文章的开头和结尾等总结性部分。具体词意义有针对性、个性和精确性,给人以确切的概念,适合用于段落中细节的刻画,论点的阐述以及事物的描写。如果用抽象的词来表达具体的事物,便会给人笼统的感觉: a. 抽象: The man is generous. 具体: The man is selfless. b. 抽象: There are three man in the room. 具体: There are three little boys in the room. c. 抽象: Mr. Wang is an educator 具体: Mr. Wang is a history teacher.;(三)选用短词,小词;(四)选词要有变化;四. 如何写好句子;(一)、避免语法方面的错误;3.累赘,例如: 原句:In China, Some cities are seriously polluted, and some cities are being polluted. 改进:In China, Some cities are seriously polluted, some being polluted.
4.词性误用,例如: 误:Good conditions are very benefit. 正:Good conditions are very beneficial. ; 5. 主谓不一致,例如 误:Statistics are a branch of mathematics. 正:Statistics is a branch of mathematics.6. 动名词与不定式的误用,例如: 误:I hope visiting Beijing again. 正:I hope to visit Beijing again. (hope不接动名词) ;(二)、注意句子的完整性;(三)、注意句子的连贯性;(四)、注意句子的变化性;The goats grazed peacefully in the farm and were unaware of the approaching hunter. (并列分句1+2)
Grazing peacefully, the goats in the farm were unawar
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