沈阳择优家教网2013年高考复习专题英语语法倒装讲解.doc

沈阳择优家教网2013年高考英语复习专题 倒 装 定义：英语的基本语序是“主语+谓语”，如果将谓语的一部分或全部放在主语之前，这种语序叫倒装。倒装既是一种语法手段，也是一种修辞手段，用于表示一定的句子结构或强调某一句子成分。将谓语的全部放在主语之前，将如助动词或情态动词，移至主语之前 完全倒装 （只用于一般现在时和一般过去时两种1）．there be 句型。? There is a mobile phone and some books on the desk. ?? 注意 引导词there 还可以接appear, exist, lie, remain, seem, stand, live 等词。? There lived an old fisherman in the village. ? There stand two white houses by the river.? （2）． ? Here comes the bus．汽车来了。 There goes the bell. 铃响了。 Now comes my turn. 轮到我了。? Away went the crowd one by one. 人们一个一个地离去。。?注意在完全倒装的结构里,如果主语是人称代词,则用正常语序。? Out she went. 她走了。Here we are. 我们到了。 ． 谓语动词是表示“存在”之意的be, lie, stand, exist等句子中。 -----At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake. ? South of the lake lies a big supermarket. ? On the floor were piles of old books, magazines and newspapers. （4） “表语+连系动词+主语”结构。? Lucky is she who was admitted to a famous university last year. ? Gone are the days when he was looked down upon. ? Present at the meeting are some well-known scientists. （5）such在句首时（不是such…that结构） Such is my brother, a simple man and is keen on writing. Such are facts; no one can deny them. 四、部分倒装（只把be/助动词/情态动词 提前到主语的前面） 1. 含有否定意义的副词或（如not, seldom, little, hardly, never, rarely, nowhere等）? He can not speak a single word of English. ? ——Not a single word of English can he speak. 他连一个英语单词都不会说。? He cares little about his clothes. ? ——Little does he care about his clothes. 他不在乎穿着。? I have never seen him before. ? ——Never have I seen him before. ? The mother didnt leave the room until the child fell asleep. 2. 否定含义的副词短语放在句首。 by no means, in no case, in no way, on no account, on no consideration, under/in no circumstances, on no condition, at no times. e.g. By no means shall we give in to difficulties. On no condition shall we agree to these terms. 在任何情况下，我们都不会同意这些条件。 3. 否定意义的连词放在句首 no sooner …than…,hardly/scarcely ….when…, not only….but also…, neither….nor…. 注意：hardly/scarcely/ no sooner后句子的谓语用had done, when/than后句子的谓语用一般过去时 e.g. (1) H