LectureSixteen.ppt

Warming-up Exercises The method of scientific investigation is nothing but the expression of the necessary mode of working of the human mind; it is simply the mode by which all phenomena are reasoned about and given precise and exact explanations. 科学研究的方法不过是人类思維活动的必要表达方式，也就是对一切現象进行思考并給以精确而严谨解释的表达方式。 They are striving for the ideal which is close to the heart of every Chinese and for which, in the past, many Chinese have laid down their lives.他們正在为实現一个理想而努力，这个理想是每个中国人所珍爱的，在过去，許多中国人曾为了這个理想而牺牲了自己的生命。 Lecture Fifteen Translation and Styles (I) 15.1 What is style? Style 的“风格”说 有人将style一词理解为“风格”，既可以指一个作家运用语言的特色，又可指某个时代盛行的文风；既可指某种语篇体裁的语言特征，又可指某篇作品的语言格调和表现风格。 Style 的“文体说” 有人将Style一词理解为“文体”，而文体又有广义和狭义之分：狭义的文体指文学文体；广义的文体则指包括文学文体在内的各种语言变体。 其他还有：“表达方式说”、“外衣说”、“行为方式说”、“选择说”、“社会情境制约说”等等。 15.2 Significance of style in translation 新《高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲》规定： 笔译课的目的在于使学生具备笔头翻译的基本能力。通过介绍各类文体语言的特点、汉英两种语言的对比和分析以及各种不同文体的翻译方法，使学生掌握英汉双语翻译的基本理论，掌握英汉词语、长句及各种文体的翻译技巧和英汉互译的能力。要求译文比较准确、流畅，翻译速度达到每小时250-300字。 15.3 Stylistic variation in Language Language as a product of a variety of factors, such as The channel--- spoken vs. written The identity--- education, age, gender, profession, etc. The relationship--- causal vs. formal The domain--- daily talk, public speech, news, commercial, literature, law document, scientific research, etc. Translation as the faithful representation of the original text Faithful to the original in meaning Faithful to the original in styles 15.3 Translating daily talk Stylistic indications--- short construction, slang, contraction, elision, liaison, etc. Goodbye, Mr. Martin. 马丁老师，再见！ See ya later, Mom! 回头见，妈! Okay, man, I gotta split. 好了，伙计，我得走了。 15.4 Translating public speech Stylistic indications--- complicated construction, formal warding. We are responsible for a permit that comprises only operational considerations. The other permissiveness needs to be obtained from… pertinent agencies. 我们只负责颁发涵盖运作考虑的许可证。其他许可需要从……认知的机构获得。 We hereby declare that al