Antipyretic,analgesicandanti-inflammatorydrugs.ppt

Antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatorydrugs  Liming Zhou (周黎明） Department of pharmacology Huxi medical center Sichuan university  Contents Overview History Common pharmacological effects Aspirin 阿斯匹林 Selective COS-2 inhibitor Other Drugs Overview This kind of drug is a group of chemically dissimilar agents that have antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. The structure of this kind of drug differs from that of steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs NSAIDs History In ancient Egypt Greece, dried leaves of myrtle, the bark of willow poplar tree In England, active component from willow bark was identified as salicin (水杨苷）, which is metabolized to salicylate （水杨酸盐）in 1763. In Germany, salicylic acid （水杨酸） was synthesized in 1860. In 1875, acetylsalicylic acid （乙酰水杨酸） was synthesized. History In 1899， “Aspirin“ （acetylsalicylic acid） was named; the a --- acetyl grouping and the spirin --- botanical genus spiraea, from which salicylates could be extracted. Now, more than 30 million people consume NSAIDs daily and of these 40% of the patients are more than 60 years of age. The consumption of NSAIDs is No. 1 among all drugs. History In 1969 the first association between prostaglandin production and the actions of aspirin- like drugs In 1992 new enzyme was cloned was called cyclooxygenase 2 (COX- 2) or PGH 2 synthase 2 Common pharmacological effects These drugs show the same pharmacological effects -- antipyretic effect （解热） -- analgesic effect （镇痛） -- anti-inflammatory effect （抗炎） 1. Antipyretic Effects normal temperature: slightly affected elevated temperature: reduced The higher temperature, the more potent Mechanisms of Antipyretic Action Blocks pyrogen-induced prostaglandin production in thermoregulatory center (CNS) 2. Analgesic Effects Effective to mild to moderate pain 0.5g of aspirin is a weak or mild analgesic that is effective in shor