Structure of the Central Government of the UK.ppt

Structure of the Central Government of the UK 田冬青 British Government System Warming up questions 2. Which party is the governing party (执政党) currently in the UK? The Conservative Party (保守党) The Liberal Democrats Party (自由民主党) Background information Separation of Powers Three branches: Legislative– to make laws Executive– to apply laws Judicial– to interpret laws checks and balances By this way the power of government is placed in several hands, each with a distinctive function. And that ensures each of the three branches of government a sufficient role in the actions of others so that no branch may dominate the others. Basic Structure of Government Overview of UK Government Constitutional Monarchy The Constitution The Parliament I. Constitutional Monarchy 君主立宪制 The power of the monarch is limited by the country’s constitution. Constitutional monarchy began after the Glorious Revolution in 1688. Monarch The Sovereign: the constitutional head of State Official title “上帝神佑，大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国以及其它国土和领地之女王，联邦的元首，国教的卫护者伊莉莎白二世。” In law, She is head of the executive, an integral part of the legislature, head of the judiciary, the commander-in-chief of all the armed forces and the “supreme governor” of the Church of England. The Queen is the symbol of the whole nation. The Queen reigns, but she does not rule. No longer exercises political power, her principal role is symbolic: Symbol of national unity perform ceremonial functions giving Royal Assent of agreement to any new law How does the Queen participate in the various acts of government? Give some examples. Chief of state at present:  Queen ELIZABETH II since 6 February, 1952 Heir Apparent: (有确定继承权的人) Prince CHARLES (son of the queen, born 14 November, 1948) 1926年４月21日生于伦敦，原名为伊丽莎白·亚历山德拉·玛丽，是英国温莎王朝第四代君主、英王乔治六世的长女。自幼在皇宫内接受教育，主修宪法史和法律。她的历史老师 C·H·K·马丁是伊顿公学校长.她在历史、语言和音乐方面有造诣，能流利地讲法语、