镁合金铸造成形过程的资源、环境特性分析.doc

摘要 90年代以来，在世界范围内，镁作为一种迅速崛起的工程金属材料，每年以15%的速率保持快速增长镁凭借优良的性能及低廉的价格，已成为各国材料研究和应用的热点，在航空航天、交通、电子电器和国防军事工业领域具有极其重要的应用价值和广阔的前景另一方面，当今世界普遍面临能源紧缺、生态环境恶化的问题，环境、资源、人口是当今人类社会面临的三大主要问题，绿色制造成为一种趋势，企业生产的同时，也更多地考虑到能源的消耗和对环境的影响，努力向可持续发展、绿色低能耗、无污染的方向前进。 本文从镁合金的特性及常见的镁合金成形技术入手，详细地论述了绿色制造体系及物能资源流分析法，着重将镁合金铸造成形技术与物能资源流结合起来，建立物能资源流模型，探讨、分析了镁合金铸造成形过程中的物料流动及能量利用等问题，特别对镁合金熔炼过程中的资源、环境等问题进行了分析，最后根据分析模型及环境分析的结果并按照绿色制造的思想和措施，提出了有效处理和改进方法。 关键词：镁合金铸造成形绿色制造物能资源流  ABSTRACT As a rapidly growing engineering metal material, the use of magnesium has increased with a speed rate of 15% per year worldwide since 1990s. Because of its excellent performance and cheap price, magnesium become a hotspot in material study and application, with very important application value and extensive prospect in the field of aviation and spaceflight, communication, electric appliance and national defense and war industry. But there has some problem in magnesium alloy cast form of our country，such as high expenditure of energy，low utilization rate of resources and serious environment pollution. Meanwhile, the world faces the problems such as sparse energy, deteriorated environment, etc. Environment, resource and population are three big problems that people face. Therefore, green manufacture becomes a trend. While considering the manufacture, enterprises think more on consumption of energy and influence on environment, trying to develop in a way of sustainable development, green low energy-consuming and no pollution. Begin with the feature of magnesium alloy and its common forming technique, this paper elaborates the green manufacture system and analytical method of materials and resources flow, focuses on combination of magnesium alloy forming technique and materials and resources flow, builds mode of materials and resources flow, discusses and analyses the material flow and energy use of magnesium alloy in cast form, especially analyses its resource and environment in smelting circuit and finally offe