拔节期灌水对不同氮肥水平下玉米氮代谢及产量的影响(精选).doc

水肥互作耦合对夏玉米氮代谢相关指标的影响 林同保，孟战赢，王志强，吕佳 （河南农业大学农学院，河南郑州 450002） 摘要：以郑单958为材料，采用田间实验，拔节期追肥，生育期内控水，研究水肥对夏玉米叶片氮代谢相关指标变化，探讨水肥（氮）互作耦合效应对夏玉米氮代谢相关指标的影响，以达到合理水肥配比，以最少的投入达到提高夏玉米产量的目的。结果表明，追肥和灌水有利于花后穗位叶片硝酸还原酶活性的增加。随着追肥量增加，GS活性反而降低。生育期内控水和自然降水对GS活性差异较小。水肥过分充足时反而不利于夏玉米的生长，合理的水肥耦合有利于夏玉米生长和提高氮素利用。 关键词：水肥耦合；NR；GS；玉米产量 The affect of water-fertilizer coupled to summer corn nitrogen metabolism correlated index Lin Tongbao, Meng Zhanying, Wang Zhiqiang, Lv Jia (Henan agricultural college agriculture school, Zhengzhou 450002) abstract: Take the Zheng list 958 as the material, uses the field experiment, fertilized at the jointing stage, the period of duration water controls, research water-fertilizer to the summer corn leaf nitrogen metabolism correlated index, to discussion influence of water-fertilizer (nitrogen) coupling effect mutually to the summer corn nitrogen metabolism correlated index, achieved the reasonable water-fertilizer allocated proportion, by the least investments achieved enhances the summer corn output. The result indicated that, the fertilized at the jointing stage and irrigates is advantageous after the flower the leaf blade nitric acid return to original state enzyme activity increase. Along with the fertilized quantity Increased, the GS activeness instead reduces. The period of duration controls from the inside the water and the natural precipitation is small to the GS active difference. The excessively sufficient water-fertilizer does not favor to the summer corn growth, the reasonable water-fertilizer coupling is advantageous in the summer corn grows and enhances the nitrogen use. Key words: water-fertilizer coupling; NR; GS; Corn yield 在农作物生产中，水肥是影响作物生长的最主要的限制因子之一。作物的水肥管理一直是作物生产中最为重要的措施之一。水分和养分对作物的综合效益往往是通过植物复杂的生理过程而起作用的。水分的亏缺直接影响植物的生理生化过程和形态结构，从而影响产量和品质。夏玉米是黄淮海地区主要的农作物，其生长时间段，处在雨热同期的夏季，水分一般比较充沛，但也常常收到干旱的威胁[1]。肥料中氮素是作物生长和产量品质形成所必须的重要元素，而水分是植物体的主要组成部分，施肥对提高作物产量、品质有着重要的作用，大量研究表明，生物产量的提高是作物高产的基础，而施肥是调控生物产量及其组分动态转化的主要手段[2、3]。氮是肥料三要素之首, 硝酸还原 基金项目：国家“粮食丰产科技工程”资助项目（2