Gait Analysis_Chinese.ppt

Gait Analysis and Applications步态的分析与应用 Songning Zhang, Ph.D. and Director Biomechanics/Sports Medicine Lab The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA Topics Introduction and Terminology简介和名词术语 Six Determinants of Gait Kinematics and Kinetics of Gait 步态的运动学和动力学 Applications应用案例 Gait General kinematic variables to describe gait 描述步态的常用运动学参数 Different Views/Planes视角与体位 Three planes of motion 三个运动面 Sagittal plane – 矢状面 Sagittal axis – 矢状轴 Frontal – 额状面 Frontal axis – 额状轴 Transverse – 水平面 Vertical axis – 垂直轴 Different Views/Planes视角与体位 Three planes of motion Sagittal – 矢状面 Sagittal axis – 矢状轴 Frontal – 额状面 Frontal axis – 额状轴 Transverse – 水平面 Transverse axis – 垂直轴 Foot and Ankle Structures足和踝的结构 Ankle and Foot Motions足和踝的运动 Sagittal Plane矢状面 Dorsiflexion –足背屈 Plantarflexion -跖屈 Frontal Plane额状面 Inversion – 内旋 Eversion – 外旋 Transverse Plane水平面 Adduction – “内收” Abduction – “外展” Phases动作阶段 A gait cycle一个步态周期 From heel-strike to heel-strike of the same limb 从一个脚后跟着地到同一脚后跟再次着地 Stance and swing 支撑阶段和摆动阶段 Stance phase (support) - 支撑期 60% of cycle 占一个周期的60%时间 Single double support 单脚和双脚支撑 Swing Phase - 摆动期 40% 占一个周期的40%时间 Gait Step步 From the heel-strike of one limb to the heel-strike of the contralateral limb 从一个脚后跟着地到另一脚后跟着地 Step length步长 Distance of a step 一步的距离 Gait Stride跨步 From heel-strike of one limb to heel-strike of the same limb 从一个脚后跟着地点到同一脚后跟再次着地点间距离 Stride length (SL) – 跨步长 Distance of a stride (meters) 一个跨步跨越的距离（米） Stride frequency (SF) – 跨步频 Number of strides per unit time 单位时间内的跨步数 5 Hz: 5 strides per second 5 Hz：每秒五步 Gait speed = SL * SF 行走速度=跨步长*跨步频 Stride width –跨步间距 Events of Stance Phase足的支撑相位 Heel-strike – 足跟着地期 The instance at which the heel of the leading leg strikes the ground 前腿着地时刻 Foot-flat –足(脚)底平行期 Immediately after the heel-strike and is a point at which the foot makes full contact with the ground 前脚掌完全着地时刻 Midstance – 站立中(点支撑)期 Is the point at which the body COM is directly above the support leg/foot Heel-off –足跟离地期 Is the point at which