B4U1语法导学案.doc

Unit1 Women of achievement Grammar---Subject-Verb agreement 观察句子： I am a teacher and you are students. He wants to live abroad but his parents prefer staying home. 不难发现，在英语句子中，谓语动词在人称和数上必须与主语的人称和数保持一致，这就叫做主谓一致原则。具体的主谓一致原则包括语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。 一、语法一致原则 1. 由and, both…and…连接两个主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如： Mr. Smith and his wife are doctors. 史密斯先生和他的妻子都是医生。 Both Li Ming and Wang Hai have been to England. 李明和王海两人都曾去过英国。 ※当and连接的两个名词指一个人或属于同一套东西时，且第二个名词没有冠词时，谓语动词用单数形式。如： A needle and thread was found on the floor. 针线（穿了线的针）在地板上找到了。 A knife and fork was put in front of him. 刀叉放在了他的面前。 A teacher and writer lives in this house. 一位既是教师又是作家的人住在这所房子里。 2. 单数名词、不可数名词、不定代词（如something/somebody, everything/everybody, anything/anybody, nothing/nobody）作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如： An old tower is standing on the top of the hill. 山顶上矗立着一座古塔。 Help is in great need for the old man. 这位老人急需帮助。 Somebody is knocking at the door. 有人敲门。 3. each, every, whole, either, neither, many a, more than one等与名词连用时，谓语动词用单数形式。如： Each of us has something to say. 我们每个人都有些话要说。 Every student is preparing for the coming exam. 每位学生都在为即将到来的考试准备着。 The whole nation was deep into sorrow at the news of the Yushu earthquake. 听到玉树地震的消息，全国人民陷入悲痛之中。 More than one student is talking in the classroom. 教室里不止一个学生在说话。 Many a nurse is busy with their work. 许多护士正在忙于他们的工作。 Neither of us has gone through regular training. 我们两个都没接受过正规训练。 4. 名词/代词作主语，后紧跟as well as, along with, together with, rather than, no less than, but, except, besides, in addition to, including, like, except等时，谓语动词的单复数形式通常有作主语的名词/代词来决定。如： The teacher as well as the students likes the painting. 老师和学生都喜欢这幅画。 Lily, together with her parents, is going to visit China. 莉莉和她的父母将来中国。 Tom, along with his friends, goes skating every Saturday. 每个周六，汤姆和朋友们去滑冰。 Jean, rather than her classmates, is to meet Professor Brown. 吉恩，而不是她的同学要去见布朗教授。 He, like you and Zhang Ming, is very clever. 他像你和张明一样非常聪明。 Chaplin’s way of acting, including his way of directing, is very famous. 卓别林的表演风格，包括他的导演风格非常著名。 5.