倒装与省略.doc

第一部分 :倒装语序的重点 英语的基本语序“主语+谓语”，这叫陈述句语序。如果将谓语的全部或一部分放在主语之前，这种语序叫做倒装语序。当谓语全部放在主语之前时，叫做全部倒装；当谓语的一部分(如助动词或情态动词)放在主语前面时，叫做部分倒装。以下几点是倒装的重点： (1) 句首为下列副词的句子 Here,There,Now,Out,In,Up,Down,Away,Off,Then, 不加助动词直接倒装. 例如：Here is a ticket for you.这里有你一张票。 Down came the bird.那只鸟飞了下来。 Up went the plane.那架飞机冲入云霄。 注意 :但是如果主语是代词就不倒装。 例如：Here you are. There he comes. (2)在下列副词为首的句型中，形成部分倒装。 Only+副词、介词短语、状语从句或Often\,Many a time。 Only then did I realize the importance of English. ②Only in Beijing have I seen such a beautiful scenery. ③Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to come back to work. ④Often did we ask her not to be late for school ⑤Many a time has he helped us.他曾多次帮助过我们。 (3) 用于前面所说的情况也适用于另一人(或物)的肯定句或否定句中： 肯定重复倒装用：so 例如： They have all got up,and so has Jack他们都起来了，所以杰克也起来了。 否定重复倒装用：nor,neither,no more。 例如：If you don’t agree to our plan,neither will they. 如果你们不同意我们的计划 ，他们也不同意。 Tom can’t speak French.Nor(Neither)can Jack. 汤姆不会讲法语，杰克也不会讲。 (4) 在下列以否定意义的副词、短语为首的句子或句型中，形成部分倒装： never, seldom ,at no time(决不)，(注意:in no time 不倒装) by no means(决不)，nowhere ,in no case(决不), little, under(in)no circumstances ,not only ,neither ,nor ,no sooner...than...,never before, not until, hardly (scarcely ,barely)...when...,not only...but also.... 例如：Never before have I seen such a wonderful park. 我从未看见过这样美丽的公园。 No sooner had I gone out than it rained.我刚出去，就下雨了。 (5) 用于让步状语从句中(由某些连词连接的)：no matter how (who...),however,as。 例如：No matter how busy he is,he has to attend the meeting. 无论多忙，他都得去参加会议。 However cold it is,he always goes swimming.无论多冷他总去游泳。 Brave as they are,they are afraid of fight.他们虽然很勇敢，但害怕斗争。 (6)so …that 句型中, so放在句首,要用倒装: So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him. So shallow was the river that there were no fish in the lake. (7)省略if 的虚拟条件句 Had I been informed earlier ,I could have come . Should anyone call ,tell him to wait for me here. (8)as /though引导的让步状语从句中,把表语、宾语、状语提到句首，有的称为倒状，其实主谓并没有倒状 Young as he is ,he is very brave. Child as he is ,he knows a lot. Try