强调句和省略句.doc

专题十四　强调句和省略句 一、强调句句型 1．陈述句的强调句型：It is / was ＋被强调部分 通常是主语、宾语或状语 ＋ that / who 当强调主语且主语指人 ＋其他部分。 It was on the party that he met one of his old friends. 2．一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is / was提到it前面。 Was it on the party that he met one of his old friends? 3．特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分 通常是疑问代词或疑问副词 ＋ is / was ＋ it ＋ that / who ＋ 其他部分？ When and where was it that you were born? I met the film star—Jackie Chan at Beijing Airport yesterday. 强调主语：It was I that / who met the film star—Jackie Chan at Beijing Airport yesterday. 强调宾语：It was the film star—Jackie Chan that / who I met at Beijing Airport yesterday. 强调地点状语：It was at Beijing Airport that I met the film star—Jackie Chan yesterday. 强调时间状语：It was yesterday that I met the film star—Jackie Chan at Beijing Airport. 注意：构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词一般只用that和who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that和who不可省略；强调句中的时态通常用两种：一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用It was...，其余的时态用It is... 二、not...until...句型的强调句 1．句型为：It is / was not until ＋被强调部分＋ that ＋其他部分 It was not until the last operation was finished that Bethune left the battle hospital. 注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till和until可通用。因为句型中It is / was not...已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句。 三、谓语动词的强调 1．It is / was...that...结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do / does或did。 Do sit down.He did write to you last week. Do be careful when you cross the street. 注意：此种强调只用do / does和did ，没有别的形式；过去时用did ，后面的谓语动词用原形。 省略句 为了使讲话和行文简洁，句中某些成分有时可省略。省略可分以下几种情况： 一、简单句中的省略 1．省略主语：祈使句中主语通常省略。其他省略主语的用法多限于少数现成的说法。 I Thank you for your help. I See you tomorrow. It Doesnt matter. 2．省略主谓语或主谓语的一部分。 There is No smoking. Is there Anything wrong Why do you not say hello to him? 3．不定式的省略 1 使役动词let, make, have及感官动词see, watch, hear, notice, observe, feel, look at, listen to 等后面作宾语补足的不定式要省去to, 但在被动句时应加上to。 I saw the boy fall from the tree.The boy was seen to fall from the tree. 2 mean, try, want, afford, decide, refuse, wish, like, need, would like, would love...等后面接不定式作宾语时，省略作宾语的不定式。只保留不定式符号 to, 但如果该宾语是动词 be 或完成时态的不定式时，则需在 to后加上be 或 have。 —Are yo