【分句】自己整理的课本句子.doc

课件提示一页一课 +课本提示的句子+作业的句子（基于本学期课文的） A transistor is a device that conducts a variable amount of electricity through it, depending on how much electricity is input to it. In other words, it is a digital switch. However, unlike the vacuum tube , it is solid state . 晶体管是一种依据输入电量大小而传导可变电量的器件。换言之，晶体管是一种数字开关。然而，和真空管不同，晶体管是“固态”的。 Solid state means that it doesnt change its physical form as it switches. There are no moving parts in a transistor. “固态”的意思是当晶体管切换状态时，它的物理形式不发生变化。晶体管中不存在可以移动的部分 。 Compared to the vacuum tube , transistors were much smaller, faster, and cheaper to manufacture. They were also far more reliable and used much less power. 和真空管相比，晶体管尺寸小得多，速度快得多，生产成本低得多，性能更加可靠，功耗也少得多。 While most materials either insulate from electrical flow (air, glass, wood) or conduct electricity readily (metals, water), there are some that only conduct electricity a small amount, or only under certain conditions. These are called semiconductors. 大多数材料要么对电流绝缘（如空气、玻璃、木头），要么很容易传导电流（如金属、水溶液），但也有一些材料只传导少量电流，或者只在特定条件下传导电流。这些材料被称作半导体。 The most commonly used semiconductor is of course silicon. 最常用的半导体材料当然是硅了。 Miniaturization means the reduction in size of components and circuits for increasing package density and reducing power dissipation and signal propagation delays. 微型化是指减少元件和电路的几何尺寸, 从而增加封装密度、降低功耗、减少信号传播延迟。 The integrated circuit is a group of transistors manufactured from a single piece of material and connected together internally, without extra wiring . Integrated circuits are also called ICs or chips. 集成电路就是一组用单片材料制造的，内部互联的（无外部连线）晶体管。集成电路也叫IC或者芯片。 A flip-flop is basically a bi-state circuit in which either a 0 or 1 state can resides. Because of its simplicity, the flip-flop is extremely fast. As a basic element, the flip-flop is used in digital circuits and ICs. A flip-flop will lose its state when the supply voltage is removed. Therefore, it is volatile. 触发器是一种存储“0”或“1”的双态电路。由于触发器结构简单，所以其速度极快。触发器是数字电路和集成电路中的基本部件。由于电源电压去掉后，触发器原有的状态就失去了，因此它是“易失的”。 A register is a set of flip-