2014四肢肌.ppt

* * The Muscles of Limbs Department of Anatomy 冯 娜 目的与要求 1.了解上肢带肌的位置和组成。掌握三角肌、大圆肌、肩胛下肌的位置、起止概况和作用。 2.了解臂肌的位置、分群和各群肌的组成与功能。掌握肱二头肌位置、起止概况和作用。 3.掌握前臂肌的名称。 4.了解髋肌的位置及分群概况。掌握髂腰肌、臀大肌和梨状肌的位置、起止概况和作用。 ５.了解大腿肌的位置及分群概况。掌握缝匠肌、股四头肌、长收肌、股二头肌、半腱肌、半膜肌的位置、起止概况和作用 ６.掌握小腿诸肌的名称。了解腘窝的组成。 ７.了解足背及足底肌的位置、分群和功能。 According to their locations, the muscles of upper limb are divisible into: the muscles of shoulder, the muscles of arm, the muscles of forearm and the muscles of hand. Section 5 The muscles of upper limb 一、The Muscles of Shoulder They surround, protect and act the shoulder joint. They arise from the shoulder girdle and are inserted into the humerus. There are six muscles in this group. （一）Deltoid三角肌 （二）supraspinatus冈上肌 （三）Infraspinatus冈下肌 （四）Teres minor小圆肌 （五）Teres major大圆肌 （六）subscapularis肩胛下肌 Shoulder cuff 肌腱袖 二、 The muscles of arm They are divided into two group, the anterior (flexor) group and the posterior (extensor) group . 1. Biceps brachii 肱二头肌 （一） The anterior group 2. Coracobrachialis喙肱肌 3. Brachialis 肱肌 (二) The posterior group Triceps brachii 肱三头肌 Triangular space 三边孔 Quadrangular space 四边孔 三、The muscles of forearm They consist of an anterior and a posterior group. Those of the anterior group are flexors of the wrist and fingers, and the pronators. Those of the posterior group are the extensors of the wrist and fingers, and the supinators. （一）The anterior group It can be divided into four layers. 1. The first layer Brachioradialis肱桡肌 Pronator teres旋前圆肌 Flexor carpi radialis桡侧腕屈肌 Palmaris longus掌长肌 Flexor carpi ulnaris尺侧腕屈肌 2. The second layer Flexor digitorum superficialis 指浅屈肌 3. The third layer Flexor digitorum profundus 指深屈肌 Flexor pollicis longus拇长屈肌 4.The 4th layer Pronator quadratus 旋前方肌 （二）The posterior group can be divided into two layers ,the superficial and deep. 1.The superficial layer: Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis桡侧腕长短伸肌 Extensor digitorum指伸肌 Extensor digitorum minimi小指伸肌 Extensor carpi ulnaris尺侧腕伸肌 2.