1.1 computer organization.ppt

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1.1 computer organization

计算机文化基础 * 1.1 COMPUTER ORGANIZATION Main point Main point: ● Function of computer ● Organization of computer Hardware ● Type of computer We build computer to solve problems. Early computer solved mathematical and engineering problems , and later computers emphasized information processing for business applications. Today, computers also control machines as diverse as automobile engines, robots, and microwave ovens. A computer system solves a problem from any of these domains by accepting input, processing it, and producing output. Figure 1-1 illustrates the function of a computer system. Input Output Processing Figure 1-1 Three activities of a computer system We build computer Computer systems consist of hardware and software. Hardware is the physical part of the system. Once designed, hardware is difficult and expensive to change. Software is the set of programs that instruct the hardware and is easier to modify than hardware. Computers are valuable because they are general-purpose machines that can solve many different kinds of problems, as opposed to special-purpose machines that can each solve only one kind of problem. 原因状语从句 定语从句 状语 定语从句 Computer systems consist *?1 ?1 ● Explain the difference between general-purpose machines and special-purpose machines ● Point the purposes of computer Different problems can be solved with the same hardware by supplying the system with a different set of instructions, that is, with different software. Every computer has four basic hardware components: ● Input devices ● Output devices ● Main memory ● Central processing unit(CPU) Figure 1-2 shows these components in a block diagram. Input devices Central processing unit Main memory Output devices Bus Fig.1-2 Block diagram of the four components of a computer system The lines between the blocks repres

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