Lecture Notes Henry Fielding.doc

Part III The Seventeenth Eighteenth Century The Seventeenth-Century Literature The seventeenth century: a period of English Revolution and Restoration Literature – very much concerned with the tremendous social upheavals John Milton 1608-1674 约翰·弥尔顿 The greatest English revolutionary poet of the 17th century Poems Paradise Lost 《失乐园》 1667 : his masterpiece A long poem in 12 books The greatest epic in English literature Paradise Regained《复乐园》 1671 Samson Agonistes《力士参孙》 1671 The Eighteenth-Century Literature The Enlightenment 启蒙主义运动 An intellectual movement in Europe began in the late 17th and 18th centuries, and ended with the French Revolution of 1789 Originated in France, represented by Montesquieu 孟德斯鸠 , Voltaire 伏尔泰 , Diderot 狄德罗 , Rousseau 卢梭 An expression of struggle of bourgeoisie against Feudalism Beliefs An abiding faith in human reason France – reason used as a weapon to denounce the feudal class and to enlighten the people England – reason used as a tool for bourgeoisie to consolidate its rule The motto of the age should be “Dare to know.” -- Kant 康德 , a German philosopher Eighteen century – Age of Reason 理性时代 Literature The Decay of Drama The Licensing Act of 1737 1737年《戏剧审查法案》 The Rise of Fiction The mainstream of 18th century literature The rise and growth of realistic novel – the most prominent achievement of 18th-century English literature Representatives Daniel Defoe 1660-1731 丹尼尔· 笛福 Jonathan Swift 1667-1745 乔纳森· 斯威夫特 Henry Fielding 1707-1754 亨利· 菲尔丁 Daniel Defoe 丹尼尔·笛福 Literary achievements Robinson Crusoe 1719 《鲁宾逊漂流记》 Defoe’s masterpiece The first English novel in a real sense The first English realistic novel Jonathan Swift 乔纳森·斯威夫特 A master of satire Literary Achievements The Battle of Books 《书籍之战》 A Tale of a Tub《 Gulliver’s Travels《One of the greatest satirical works of world literature Henry Fielding 1707-1754 亨利·菲尔丁 I. Life and Career 1. Family background and education 2. Writing career 3. His marriag