牛津英语高二教材重点知识.doc

牛津英语高二第一册 Skiing is my favourite sport, even though I have only skied for four days in my whole life! skiing：动名词作主语，谓语动词需用单数形式。如：Collecting coins has cost him a large sum of money. 该句的主语是collecting coins，而不是coins，故谓语动词是has cost。 even though：同义词为even if。意为“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。而as if / as though意为“似乎”，引导方式状语从句。如：He seems as if he has got the news. 意为“他看上去似乎已经得到消息了”。Even though the Japan quake has caused severe damage, the victims are still optimistic. 意为“尽管日本地震造成了严重的损失，灾民还是很乐观”。 And, despite the expense, he did. Despite：介词，意为“尽管”，后接名词或名词性短语或名词性从句。同义词为 in spite of。如：In spite of/ Despite the bad weather, the meeting was held as planned.意为“尽管天气很糟糕，会议还是按计划召开了”。此句还可用though/ although来表达，但需接句子。Though the weather was bad, the meeting was held as planned. 特别注意In spite of 和Despite 后接句子从句的表达。如：In spite of/ Despite the fact that he is ill, he competed in the race.此处需接同位语从句，因为介词后是不加that引导的从句的。又如，Despite/ In spite of what he said, they decided to carry out the plan.此处接的是宾语从句。 Expense：意为“开销，代价”。词组at the expense/cost of…意为“以…为代价”。 How about a weekend at the Botanical Gardens? how about：意为“做某事如何”，一般用于提出建议，类似表达有What about doing sth.? I think you ought to keep your word. keep your word：意为“遵守你的诺言”，此处word为不可数名词，作不可数名词时，word还有“消息”之意，如Word came that the meeting had been cancelled. 消息传来会议取消了。含有word的词组还有：have a word with sb.与某人说句话；have words with sb.与某人争吵；in a word简而言之；in other words换句话说。 My dream was to see some real snow. was to see：为be 动词加不定式作表语。用不定式作表语一般表示将要达成的动作。如：His plan is to achieve a great success in the near future. I was dying to get out and play with it! be dying to do sth.：意为“迫不及待做某事…”。 We reached the resort and quickly scrambled out of the bus. scramble：意为“争夺”，词组为scramble for sth.抢夺某物 ; scramble to do sth. 争着做…;scramble into the classroom/ out of the classroom争着进入/跑出教室。 We picked it up, made snowballs, and threw them at each other! 此处三个接连发生的动作都用一般过去式，在第一个动作后用逗号，并在第二个动作后用and连接。需注意：We picked it up, making snowballs.此处用现在分词making。或，We picked it up and made snowballs. pick up