第二课非限制性定语从句.doc

非限定性定语从句起补充说明作用，缺少也不会影响全句的理解，在非限定性定语从句的前面往往有逗号隔开，如若将非限定性定语从句放在句子中间，起前后都需要用逗号隔开。关系代词的一些特定用法：that与which；that与who 1）指物时，关系代词that和which一般情况下可换用，但以下几种情况下一般用that，不用which： ①先行词是all, everything, something, anything, nothing, none, few, little, much等不定代词；或是先行词被all, every, some, any, no, few, little等修饰时： Is there anything (that) I can do for you in town? I have read all the books (that) you gave me. 注：当something确指某物或某事时，用that或which都可以，如： There is something that/which keeps worrying me. “有一件事一直令我不安。” ②先行词被形容词最高级或有序数词the first, the second…, the last修饰时： This is the best film (that) I have ever seen. The first place (that) we’ll visit is the Great Wall. ③先行词被the only，the very修饰时： The only thing that matters is to find our way home. This is the very book (that) I’ve been looking for. ④先行词既有人又有物时： They talked about the persons and things (that) they remembered in the school. ⑤当主句是由who或which引导的特殊问句时，为避免重复，定语从句中常用that： Who is the man that is standing by the door? Who that has common sense will do such a thing? Which is the dictionary (that) you bought yesterday? Which that you bought just now is for me? ⑥两个定语从句，一个用which一个用that Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before. 2)用which不用that： ①介词后②非限制性定于从句中③两个定语从句，一个用that一个用which 3)当先行词是anyone, those, he, she等代词表“人”时，一般用who而不用that： Anyone who wants a ticket please sign your name here. Those who want to go to the English party must be at the school gate by 7:30 p.m. He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man. 但当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时，通常用that而不用who： He is no longer the man that he used to be. 5．定语从句中的as及其与which的异同 1）as引导的限制性定语从句： 当先行词有the same, such, as, so修饰时，要用as代替who(m), which, that来引导定语从句： I’d like to have the same books as are used in your school. He is not such a person as I expected. He will marry as pretty a girl as he can find. 注意区别： It was such a good film that I saw it yesterday. Don’t talk about such things as you don’t understand. Here is so big a sto