吉林大学材料科学基础.ppt

? Lasers, integrated circuits, ? Magnetic information storage, ? Liquid crystal displays, ? Fiber optics, ? Thermal protection system To be discussed the properties and applications of a number of advanced materials in subsequent chapters For example : 1.6 Modern materials’ needs Consideration of the environmental impact of materials production Technological challenge: Development of even more sophisticated and specialized materials Material will play a significant role in following some aspect ? fuels ? containment structures ? facilities for the disposal of radioactive waste Transportation Nuclear energy: 1 2 ? Reducing the weight of transportation vehicles (automobiles, aircraft, trains, etc.), increasing engine operating temperatures, will enhance fuel efficiency * Fundamentals of materials science and engineering — Introduction —————————————————————————————————— Fundamentals of materials science and engineering 材料科学与工程基础 School of materials Science and Engineering 材料科学与工程学院 Introduction Chapter 1 Historically, the development and advancement of societies have been intimately tied to the members’ ability to produce and manipulate materials to fill their needs. In fact, early civilizations have been designated by the level of their materials development Materials are probably more deep-seated in our culture than most of us realize. 1.1 Historical Perspective Stone age Bronze age Iron age Steel age Advanced material age Stone Bronze (Cu-Sn alloy) ? 中国商代司母戊大方鼎 (公元前14~11世纪) Iron Structures Materials science Properties investigating relationships Designing or engineering the structure of a material to produce a predetermined set of properties On the basis of these correlations Materials engineering 1.2 Materials Science and Engineering Subatomic structure (原子内) involves electrons within the individual atoms and interactons with their nuclei Atomic level structure (原子间) encompasses the organiz