短波发射机自动控制系统防抗干扰的分析与思考.docVIP

短波发射机自动控制系统防抗干扰的分析与思考 摘 要 为确保发射机的自动控制系统安全可靠运行，既要考虑构成系统本身的元器件质量稳定可靠，也要考虑克服周围环境的干扰问题。因此，在设计控制系统时，首先应对产生的干扰源进行分析，采取必要的抗干扰措施；其次是在自动控制系统的运行和维护过程中出现的各种干扰问题，通过测试确定干扰源和干扰部位，而后应用合适的抗干扰措施减小或消除干扰，保证自动控制系统正常可靠稳定地运行。本文分析了短波发射机各种干扰对自动控制系统的危害和影响，并阐述了采用相应的抗干扰措施，确保发射机的自动控制系统稳定可靠运行的方法。 关键词 短波发射机 自动控制系统 抗干扰措施 中图分类号：TN832 文献标识码：A Shortwave Transmitter Automatic Control System for Anti-interference Analysis and Thinking YU Riwang （State General Administration of Press and Publication， Radio and Television QiLiuYiTai， Tongan， Fujian 366000） Abstract To ensure that the automatic control system transmitter safe and reliable operation， it is necessary to consider the components constituting the system is stable and reliable quality itself， but also consider the surrounding environment to overcome interference problems. Therefore， in the design of the control system， the first to deal with the source of interference generated by the analysis， to take the necessary anti-jamming measures； followed by a variety of interference issues that arise in the operation and maintenance of automatic control system， to determine the source of interference and interference by testing site， and then apply the appropriate measures to reduce or eliminate the interference jamming automatic control system to ensure reliable and stable operation of the normal. This paper analyzes the various shortwave transmitters interfere with automatic control system risks and effects， and elaborated using the corresponding anti-jamming measures to ensure that the transmitters automatic control system stable and reliable operation of the method. Key words shortwave transmitter； automatic control system； anti-interference measures 1 短波发射台的干扰源 短波发射台发射机自动控制系统干扰源主要有：高频电磁波干扰，输入输出（I/O）接口引入干扰，电源系统引入干扰等三类。以笔者所在的发射台试验结果分析如下： 1.1 高频电磁波干扰 短波发射机的任务是输出大功率射频信号（工作频率范围3.2―26.1MHz），通过馈线传输至天线后向空间辐射。发射机、馈线、天线都是很强的电磁波辐射体，还有各种控制继电器的动作、电子管过流闪烁、大电流触点的合、断都会产生瞬间电磁脉冲干扰，这种脉冲信号频谱可以从几十千赫兹到200兆赫兹。在大功率发射机附近存在着强电磁场，设备外壳、一段导线均可产生较大的感应电压而形成干扰源。控制系统中传感器通常用长电缆将