腹部横断层解剖幻灯片.pptVIP

腹部横断层解剖 From Abdomen Sectional Atlas: 1 The following cross-sectional atlas of a normal male abdomen demonstrates anatomical relationships of the abdominal organs in the context of the CT scan. The sections span the area between the dome of the right hemidiaphragm at T9 to L5 below the aortic bifurcation. Abdomen Sectional Atlas: 2 The air-filled colon outlines a pendent transverse colon between prominent hepatic and splenic flexures. Note the proximity of the heart to the cardia of the stomach and the lesser curve of the stomach crossing the T12-L1 disc. Abdomen Sectional Atlas: 3 The sequence of abdomen sections 1 to 14 below, shown as an animation. Abdomen Sectional Atlas: 4 The section levels superimposed on an x-ray. Click the appropriate number above to view a particular section. Abdomen Sectional Atlas: section 1 By convention, CT cross sections are viewed from a caudal perspective. Section 1, at the level of T9, cuts across the dome of the right hemidiaphragm, the bases of the lungs, and the long axis of the ventricles of the heart. The termination if the inferior vena cava is seen at its junction with the right atrium (see Heart Anatomy, Cross-Sections). Abdomen Sectional Atlas: section 2 The second section, through T10, sections the dome of the liver where faint traces of the hepatic veins can be seen converging toward the hepatic portion of the inferior vena cava (see Right Upper Quadrant Anatomy). The aorta is still to the left of the midline in the lower posterior mediastinum and the esophagus lies directly anterior to it. When exploring an abdomen with no nasogastric tube in place, the aortic pulsation is the guide to the location of the esophagus. Abdomen Sectional Atlas: section 3 Level 3, at the top of T11, starts to catch the cardia of the stomach and the adjacent upper pole of the spleen. Note the esophagus anterior to the aorta, indicating this section is above the esophago-gastric junction. Abdomen Sectional Atlas: section 4 At the bot