备用 试题 03.doc

13级全体同学，学院安排期中考试。通知如下： 科技英语期中采用开卷考试形式，每个班级的内容不同，但难度相当，量也基本相同，即翻译一篇文章，字数在3800-3900个字之间。翻译完后，再写翻译评论或感受（300-500字，用汉语写） 时间：5月31日前，以班级为单位，交班长处打包后，发给我，作为期中考试成绩，计入期末总评成绩，占总分的30%。 注意： 1. 班级作业包文件名应为：科技英语期中翻译 + 班级（如1201班） 2. 每个学生的文件名应为：学号+姓名 I. Direction: Put the following passage into Chinese (3869个单词) Electronics is the branch of science and technology that deals with electrical circuits involving active electrical components such as vacuum tubes, transistors, diodes and integrated circuits. The nonlinear behaviour of these components and their ability to control electron flows makes amplification of weak signals possible, and is usually applied to information and signal processing. Electronics is distinct from electrical and electro-mechanical science and technology, which deals with the generation, distribution, switching, storage and conversion of electrical energy to and from other energy forms using wires, motors, generators, batteries, switches, relays, transformers, resistors and other passive components. This distinction started around 1906 with the invention by Lee De Forest of the triode, which made electrical amplification of weak radio signals and audio signals possible with a non-mechanical device. Until 1950 this field was called radio technology because its principal application was the design and theory of radio transmitters, receivers and vacuum tubes. Today, most electronic devices use semiconductor components to perform electron control. The study of semiconductor devices and related technology is considered a branch of solid state physics, whereas the design and construction of electronic circuits to solve practical problems come under electronics engineering. This article focuses on engineering aspects of electronics. Electronic devices and components An electronic component is any physical entity in an electronic system used to affect the electrons or their associated fields in a desired manner consistent with the intended function of the electr