2011年全国士研究生入学统一考试英语试题.docx

PAGE1 / NUMPAGES8 2011年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as “a bodily exercise precious to health.” But __1___some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness Laughter does __2___short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels, ___3_ heart rate and oxygen consumption But because hard laughter is difficult to __4__, a good laugh is unlikely to have __5___ benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does. __6__, instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparently accomplishes the __7__, studies dating back to the 1930’s indicate that laughter__8__ muscles, decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the laugh dies down. Such bodily reaction might conceivably help _ 9__the effects of psychological stress. Anyway, the act of laughing probably does produce other types of __10__ feedback, that improve an individual’s emotional state. __11__one classical theory of emotion, our feelings are partially rooted __12_ physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry __13__they are sad but they become sad when the tears begin to flow. Although sadness also __14__ tears, evidence suggests that emotions can flow __15__ muscular responses. In an experiment published in 1988,social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of würzburg in Germany asked volunteers to __16__ a pen either with their teeth-thereby creating an artificial smile – or with their lips, which would produce a(n) __17__ expression. Those forced to exercise their smiling muscles __18__ more exuberantly to funny cartons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown, __19__ that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around __20__ , the p